In the mid 1990s, immunoassays for C-reactive protein (CRP), with greater sensitivity than
those previously in routine use, revealed that increased CRP values, even within the range …

Background C-reactive protein is an inflammatory marker believed to be of value in the
prediction of coronary events. We report data from a large study of C-reactive protein and other …

Over the last 10–15 years, our understanding of the composition and functions of the human
gut microbiota has increased exponentially. To a large extent, this has been due to new ‘…

Background Primary biliary cholangitis (formerly called primary biliary cirrhosis) can progress
to cirrhosis and death despite ursodiol therapy. Alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels …

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune cholestatic liver
disease, which when untreated will culminate in end-stage biliary cirrhosis. Diagnosis is usually …

Complement-mediated inflammation exacerbates the tissue injury of ischaemic necrosis in
heart attacks and strokes, the most common causes of death in developed countries. Large …

Background Primary biliary cirrhosis is a chronic granulomatous cholangitis, characteristically
associated with antimitochondrial antibodies. Twin and family aggregation data suggest …

Background & Aims We evaluated the efficacy and safety of obeticholic acid (OCA, α-ethylchenodeoxycholic
acid) in a randomized controlled trial of patients with primary biliary …

Concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma are widely used as indicators of liver disease.
We carried out a genome-wide association study in 61,089 individuals, identifying 42 loci …

… Gideon M Hirschfield … Correspondence to: Dr Gideon M Hirschfield, Centre for Liver Research,
National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Unit, University of Birmingham…