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Canadian Surgery Forum: Abstracts1 Revisional weight loss surgery after failed laparoscopic gastric banding: an institutional experience.2 Predictors of post–bariatric surgery appointment attendance: the role of psychosocial factors.3 Bariatric surgery for obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.4 Longitudinal versus transverse gastrojejunostomy during RYGB for morbid obesity: impact on marginal ulcer rate and excess weight loss.5 High rates of gastric band removal in Ontario: a population-based analysis.6 The impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on plasma ghrelin levels: a systematic review.7 The impact of bariatric surgery on obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review.8 Perception and awareness of bariatric surgery in Canada: a national survey of general surgeons.9 (CAGS Basic Science Award) A novel model for measuring surgeons’ visual perception of tissue planes.10 MicroRNA profiling of pulmonary hypoplasia associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.11 The role of Oncostatin M in macrophage activation.12 Initial validation of force and torque measures during direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.13 Ileocolic resection recruits CD11c+ CD103+ dendritic cells to the gut and suppresses the inflammatory response in a surgical mouse model.14 Associating liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) versus conventional 2-stage hepatectomy with portal vein occlusion: results of a multicentre analysis.15 Polarizing invariant natural killer T cells toward a Th2 phenotype reduce disease severity in intra-abdominal sepsis.16 (CAGS Education Award) Gender and surgical education: exploring the role of gender for women in surgery.17 Pressures to measure up in surgical training.18 Abolishment of 24-hour continuous medical call duty in Quebec: a quality of life survey of general surgical residents following implementation of the new work hour restrictions.19 A scoping review of resident duty hour (RDH) changes in surgery: what these mean for resident wellness, training and patient safety.20 The impact of physician assistants on patient and resident based outcomes on a general surgery service.21 Learning lessons from success: defining excellence in surgery.22 Improving residency training in end-of-life care: a survey of Canadian general surgical faculty and trainees.23 (CAGS Clinical Research Award) Cost–utility analysis comparing alternative timeframes of surgery for acute cholecystitis.24 Disparities in referral for colorectal cancer screening.25 The association between perioperative factors and health care costs in older adults undergoing nonelective abdominal surgery.26 Right colectomies: risk factors associated with anastomotic leakage.27 Use of chewing gum to alleviate postoperative ileus following intra-peritoneal surgery: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.28 Management of umbilical hernias in patients with ascites: development of a nomogram to predict mortality.29 Outcomes from an enhanced recovery program for laparoscopic gastric surgery.30 Comparative operative outcomes of early and delayed cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a population-based propensity score analysis.31 How do you diagnose appendicitis? An international evaluation of methods.32 An acute care surgery service facilitates the timely treatment of emergency colorectal cancer patients.33 Outcomes reporting in surgical journals: What are we measuring?34 Application of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) 4–predicted mortality rate in a surgical abdominal sepsis (SABS) cohort.35 Choice of biomaterials for abdominal wall reconstruction in complex cases might impact on overall cost of care.36 Assessment of communication gaps during transfer to definitive care in a provincial trauma system.37 Early colonoscopic surveillance is warranted following colorectal cancer resection.38 Is frailty associated with morbidity and mortality in older adults presenting for nonelective abdominal surgery?39 Correlation of CT grading of small bowel obstruction with the need for surgical intervention.4041 Evaluation of preoperative MRI for breast cancer patients at The Ottawa Hospital.42 Unexpected intraoperative findings in thyroid and parathyroid surgery: a survey of patient preferences for decision-making.43 Does size matter? A retrospective study comparing adult versus pediatric colonoscopes.44 Development and evaluation of a web-based CanMEDS (WEBCAM) resident portfolio.45 Determining the optimal configuration of surgical expertise for the 21st century.46 An exploration of the research strategies of small to mid-sized Canadian surgical departments.47 Sixteen-hour limitation to in-house duty hours: Quebec on the right path? No improvement in resident or patient safety but decreased trainees satisfaction on General Surgery rotations.48 New resident duty hours limitation in Quebec: Have all stakeholders input be considered? Analysis of a province-wide survey of general surgery physicians.49 The integration of minimally invasive surgery in surgical practice in a Canadian setting: results from 2 consecutive province-wide practice surveys of general surgeons over a 5-year period.50 Retrospective chart review on the efficacy of conservative management of microperforated diverticulitis.51 The appropriateness of abdominal X-ray requests in surgical emergencies: an audit and reaudit following implementation of a local guideline.52 Competency-based undergraduate surgical education: CUSEC national project.53 Would implementing a screening sigmoidoscopy model miss right-sided colon cancer? A risk analysis.54 Acute care surgical resident views on duty hour restrictions in Ontario.55 Local resection compared to radical resection in the treatment of T1N0M0 rectal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.56 Identification and evaluation of postcholecystectomy bile duct injuries: a single-centre experience.57 A 20-year single-centre analysis of cholecystectomy associated bile duct injuries.58 Variability in the diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis calls for creation of standardized best practice protocols.59 Outcomes of surgical management of gallbladder disease in a tertiary care centre: predicting postoperative complications.60 Injury profile caused by the anti-personnel improvised explosive device.61 Career plans and perceptions in readiness to practise of graduating general surgery residents in Canada.62 A systematic review of enhanced recovery after surgery pathways: How are we measuring “recovery”?63 Are we meeting clinical practice guidelines for gallstone pancreatitis? An institutional practice evaluation.64 Early experience with robotic pancreatic surgery.65 Initial assessment of patient handoff in accredited general surgery residency programs in the United States and Canada: a cross-sectional study.66 Treatment and outcomes of small bowel obstruction in elderly patients.67 Retrospective review of the modified early warning score (MEWS) in critically ill surgical inpatients at a Canadian hospital.68 Does increased time on the emergency OR booking board make a difference in laparoscopic cholecystectomy?69 Bridging the gap between open and minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy: the hybrid approach.70 Quality of thyroid referrals in Saskatchewan.71 Autologous fat grafting as a novel approach to parastomal soft tissue volume deficiencies.72 Severity of distal disease as a risk factor for ileo-anal anastomotic leak post-pelvic pouch procedure.73 Cost estimates of operating room supplies by nurses, residents, and surgeons.74 Trainee and staff knowledge and attitudes toward the teaching of professionalism in Canadian residency programs.75 Implementation and evaluation of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) at a Canadian academic hospital.76 Identification of inferior quality of surgical care of elderly patients in the emergent setting: a pilot study.77 A novel approach to thoracic surgery workforce planning: Are we training too many or too few?78 Impact of short neoadjuvant hemithoracic intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) followed by extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) on survival in malignant pleural mesothelioma.79 Is VATS too expensive? A single institution cost analysis of thoracoscopic versus open lobectomy.80 The management of dysphagia in esophageal adenocarcinoma patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy: Can invasive tube feeding be avoided?81 Functional outcomes and quality of life after proximal gastrectomy for tumours of the cardia and proximal stomach.82 Esophagectomy in esophageal perforations: a necessary therapeutic option in selected cases: a statistical analysis.83 Neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery compared to definitive chemoradiation in the treatment of Stage IIIA N2 non–small cell lung cancer.84 A rapid access and management program for lung cancer patients enhances the quality of thoracic surgery services.85 Long-term outcome after en bloc resection of non–small cell lung cancer invading the pulmonary sulcus and spine.86 Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) seen from a complexity perspective: the role of subcutaneous lidocaine infusions and stellate ganglion blocks.87 Development of thoracic surgery quality indicators using modified Delphi process.88 Digital versus analogue (DiVA) pleural drainage study phase 1: prospective evaluation of interobserver reliability in assessment of pulmonary air leaks.89 Predicting malignancy using echographic lymph node characteristics during endoluminal ultrasound.90 Initial implementation of a multidisciplinary lung cancer screening program within a Canadian community hospital.91 Lung and liver resection for colorectal metastases: a survival analysis.92 Implementation and verification of a synoptic operative report for lung cancer.93 Use of intraoperative steroids reduces major respiratory complications after pneumonectomy.94 Closed video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a viable alternative to thoracotomy to resect pulmonary metastases: nine years of experience at a single institution.95 Smoking cessation counselling by surgical and nonsurgical residents: opportunities for health advocacy education.96 Transtracheal thoracic natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) in a swine model.97 Severity of complications following minimally invasive and open esophagectomy: a propensity-matched comparison.98 The 18F-FDG-PET features of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma.99 Updated evaluation of epidermal growth factor receptor targeted gold nanoparticles for the in vivo radiation treatment of non–small cell lung cancer.100 Video-assisted lobectomy is safe and associated with a decreased length of stay: experience with 100 consecutive cases from a community teaching hospital in East Toronto.101 Novel dynamic swallowing computed tomography versus water-soluble contrast swallow in the detection of esophageal perforation or anastomotic leak complicating esophagogastrectomy.102 Evolution of approach to esophagectomy.179 A completely closed VATS technique appears to be superior to thoracotomy for the resection of primary lung cancers: a single-institution experience.103 Initial experience with associating liver partition and portal vein litigation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) in a Canadian centre: a new approach in liver resections.104 Toward an assessment of preoperative planning: consistency among expert surgeons.105 Does selective use of intraoperative radiofrequency ablation as an adjunct to hepatic resection affect the pattern of recurrence in patients undergoing hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer.106 Initial experience and outcomes with a novel technique of analgesia following open liver resection: medial, open transversus abdominis plane (MOTAP) catheters.107 Loss of heterozygosity as a molecular “second hit” in familial pancreatic cancer: integrative genomics and gene discovery.108 Comparison of techniques for volumetric analysis of the future liver remnant: implications for major hepatic resections.109 Outcomes of pancreatico-enteric anastomosis at pancreatico-duodenectomy: a quasi-experimental propensity score–matched analysis.110 Quality of life after resection of intra- and extrahepatic metastases from colorectal adenocarcinoma in a multicentre prospective phase II trial.111 Do patients’ symptoms improve after hepatic resection for focal nodular hyperplasia?112 The development of a classification system for biliary complications following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).113 Transfusion requirements in orthotopic liver transplantation.114 Liver resection after chemotherapy and tumour downsizing in patients with initially nonresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases.115 Impact of epidural analgesia and fluid resuscitation on major adverse events following pancreaticoduodenectomy.116 Patient attitudes regarding surveillance following resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a qualitative study.117 Minimally invasive versus open liver resection: a comparative analysis of short-term outcomes.118 Current practices of liver-related surgery in Canada: a survey.119 Implementing an evidence-based clinical pathway for patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy: outcomes of a pilot project.120 Clinical factors associated with perioperative mortality after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a decade in review at a high-volume tertiary care hepatobiliary centre.121 Population-based study of pancreatic cancer referral rates and outcomes in Nova Scotia.122 Multispecialty liver tumour rounds (LTR) facilitate access to treatment pathways at domain expert consensus (DEC) point of care.123 Intraoperative ultrasound during resection of colorectal liver metastases: impact on surgical strategy, negative resection margins and perioperative blood loss.124 Using oncolytic virus therapy against colonic dysplagia.125 Practice patterns in the management of patients with thyroid cancer in Ontario Canada 2000–2008.126 Surgical stress attenuates pre-existing antitumour immunity resulting in postoperative metastases and local recurrence in a murine model.127 Combination of gastrectomy, radiation and chemotherapy improves survival for metastatic gastric cancer: results of a population-based study.128 Do visible lymph nodes on preoperative staging abdominal CT scans predict metastatic nodal disease in patients undergoing colonic resection for colon cancer?129 An Internet-based 2-step multidisciplinary conference (MDC) for rectal cancer greatly influences surgeon treatment plans.130 Diagnosis of venous thromboembolism postdischarge for major abdominal and pelvic oncologic surgery: implications for a change in practice.131 Pathological and psychosocial outcomes in patients undergoing prophylactic total gastrectomy for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome.132 Cytoreductive surgery for adenocarcinoma of colorectal or appendiceal origin: survival difference between mitomycin C versus oxaliplatin for hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.133 The video feedback module: a novel approach to teaching the clinical breast exam.134 “Getting my life back”: complex abdominal wall hernias as a barrier to quality of life in cancer survivors.135 Economic evaluations in surgical oncology: a systematic review.136 Comparison of survival between patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from colon and rectal origin treated with cytoreduction and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy.137 Prognosis and survival of operative breast cancer in Saudi Arabia.138 Value of positron emission tomography (PET) scan in stage III cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.139 The number of lymph nodes retrieved as a quality indicator for axillary and inguinal lymph node dissections for clinically palpable disease in melanoma.140 Oncolytic vaccinia virus and irinotecan synergize to improve treatment of colorectal carcinomatosis.141 Oncolytic vaccinia virus as an adjuvant treatment to cytoreductive surgery for malignant peritoneal mesothelioma.142 Prognostic significance of symptoms in patients with metastatic gastric cancer: Do type or number of symptoms at presentations predict survival?143 Taking control of cancer: why women are choosing mastectomy.144 Assessment of a Canadian breast cancer centre against European and American quality standards.145 Discordance in estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2/neu status between primary and metastatic breast cancer: a systematic review.146 Persistence and adherence to anti-estrogen therapy in seniors: Are we selecting the right candidates for radiotherapy omission after breast-conserving surgery?147 Toll-like receptor activation in bacterial pneumonia increases cancer cell adhesion and metastasis formation.148 Analysis of human peritoneal carcinomatosis samples infected with a panel of oncolytic viruses.149 Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 1 gene polymorphism-33TàC predicts improved disease-free survival in colorectal cancer.150 Rectal cancer surgery by high-volume surgeons results in improved oncologic outcomes and sphincter preservation.151 Feasibility of using MRI-based outcomes for quality indicators (QI) for rectal cancer multidisciplinary cancer conference (MCC).152 Delays in rectal cancer treatment: a growing multidisciplinary problem.153 Delays in diagnosis of anal cancer.154 Wait times for colorectal cancer surgery: Does the specialty performing the colonoscopy matter?155 Anastomotic leakage and perioperative nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use after colorectal surgery.156 Redefining colorectal cancer care: a novel patient-centred diagnostic assessment and treatment program.157 Can administrative health care data predict unplanned emergency room visits in seniors undergoing colon cancer surgery?158 Radiation exposure from computed tomography in Crohn disease patients undergoing ileocolic resection.159 Combined endoscopic-laparoscopic surgery for complex colonic polyps: Are good outcomes maintained with an aggressive therapeutic endoscopy program?160 Factors affecting compliance with endoscopic surveillance guidelines following colorectal cancer resection.161 Preoperative repeat endoscopy rate in colorectal cancer patients: an institutional experience and analysis of influencing factors.162 A retrospective review of open versus Da Vinci assisted robotic proctectomy with coloanal anastomosis.163 Laparoscopic enterocolostomy is a viable and safe option in patients with malignant small bowel obstruction with incurable disease.164 Failing to reverse a temporary diverting stoma after low anterior resection.165 Oral metronidazole for the prevention of posthemorrhoidectomy pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.166 Multimodality treatment of locally recurrent adherent colon cancer with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy to optimize the achievement of R0 resection.167 Improved health-related quality of life after surgical management of severe refractory constipation-dominant IBS.168 Transanal endoscopic microsurgery for benign and malignant rectal tumour: single institution results in first 114 patients.169170 Development of an evidence-based technical skills and cognitive knowledge curriculum for colorectal surgery —lessons learned from implementation.171 Transanal endoscopic microsurgery for rectal lesions: Is it safe to use fast track protocol for early discharge?172 Emergency surgery for colorectal cancer is associated with increased rate of recurrence, compared with elective surgery.173 Emergency surgery for colorectal cancer does not result in nodal understaging, compared with elective surgery.174175 Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and anastomotic leak following elective colorectal surgery.176 Complete response versus partial response postneoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer: Does the degree of response influence the outcome?177178
T. Tran, S. Sockalingam, H. Alobaid, F. Saleh, T.D. Jackson, B. Anderson, N.J. Switzer, T.D. Jackson, S.T. Ali, R. Kholdebarin, P.Y. Young, P. Dawe, T. Perry, R. Hernandez-Alejandro, R.V. Anantha, T. Cil, P. Patel, F. Hamadani, N. Ahmed, N. Dies, M. Cocks, A. Kayssi, C. de Mestral, M.S. Brar, J.G. Bailey, I. Jetté-Côté, D.D. Paskar, F. Saleh, N. Wong-Chong, C. de Mestral, Y. Alfraih, R.V. Anantha, I. Antonescu, M.S. Bleszynski, M.S. Bleszynski, N. Bradley, M.S. Brar, P.J.B. Davis, P. Dawe, V. Deslauriers, K. Devon, V. Falk, P. Glen, L. Gorman, G. Groot, J. Hallet, J. Hallet, J. Hallet, D.A. Isa, J. Jhaj, K. Joughin, X. Kang, A. Kayssi, B. Kidane, S.H.H. Kim, E.Y. Lee, D. Li, S. Malik, V. McAlister, A. Nadler, A. Neville, D.D. Paskar, S. Piedimonte, A. Saleem, J.E. Springer, A. Tessier, W. Tu, Y. Wang, K. Wanis, R.C. Wu, S. Zerhouni, T. Zwiep, A. Di Labio, T.D. Jackson, H. Zakrzewski, J. Edwards, M.E. de Perrot, D. French, J. Cools-Lartigue, S. Gowing, S. Abu-Daff, F. Li, W.C. Hanna, S. Collaud, B. Nelems, G.E. Darling, A. McGuire, E. Goudie, K. Irshad, S.M. Coughlin, M. Alabdulmohsin, B. Kidane, R.V. Anantha, S.R. Turner, M. Khereba, S. Gilbert, R. Razzak, R. Razzak, W. Chung, W. Chung, B. Kidane, J. Choi, K.A. Bertens, N. Zilbert, K. Eltawil, R. Behman, Z. Kanji, G. Martel, J. Abou Khalil, P.E. Serrano, K. DeGirolamo, A. Neville, T. Chan, Z. Kanji, R. Behman, E. Cheng, Y. Wang, J. Truong, A.C. Wei, P.E. Serrano, S. Hurton, A.K. Buczkowski, S. Knowles, F.A. Angarita, S. Hall, A.A. Ananth, M. Dixon, A.R. Lehr, V. Francescutti, H. AlSubaie, J. Muir, J.Y. Lam, K. Kulasegaram, R. Nenshi, S. Brar, J. Rivard, B. Alabdulkarim, H. Alabbas, D. Berger-Richardson, K. Ottolino-Perry, S.A. Acuna, A.L. Mahar, A.M. Covelli, J.-S. Pao, I.C. Yeung, S. Krotneva, S. Gowing, S. Zerhouni, A. Bazzarelli, K.R. Klingbeil, J. Subendran, K. Klingbeil, S. Chiu, S. Rieder, F. Saleh, S.M. Ashamalla, A. Ramjaun, H. Wang, A. Crawford, M.S. Brar, T. Al Abbasi, S.T. Ali, N. Chima, A. Chiu, H.M.A. Emmerton-Coughlin, J. Hallet, J.Y. Lam, A. Lebrun, V. Palter, M. Paquin-Gobeil, S. Patel, S.V.B. Patel, J. Subendran, J.T. Groom, E. Pauli, J. Lyn-Sue, R. Haluck, A. Rogers, S. Cassin, R. Hawa, A. Khan, S. Wnuk, T.D. Jackson, A. Okrainec, G. Wells, L. Ambrosini, S. Cassie, J.J. Gnanasegaram, C. Mueller, T.D. Jackson, A. Okrainec, R. Saskin, A. Okrainec, C.M. Bell, D.R. Urbach, N.J. Switzer, A. Almamar, X. Shi, D.W. Birch, S. Karmali, K. Sarkhosh, M. El-Hadi, D.W. Birch, X. Shi, S. Karmali, S. Sockalingam, F.A. Quereshy, J. Kwong, F. Saleh, A. Okrainec, C.M. Schlachta, R. Eagleson, N. Khoshgoo, B.M. Iwasiow, R. Keijzer, Q.N. Mian, C.A. Compston, T.A. Churchill, T.F. Mueller, R.G. Khadaroo, B. Unger, L. Gillman, A. Colwell, A. Vergis, J. Park, B. Dicken, R. Fedorak, K. Madsen, K.P. Croome, E. Schadde, V. Ardiles, C. Tschuor, J. Baumgart, H. Lang, E. de Santibanes, P.-A. Clavien, D.M. Mazzuca, T.S. Mele, D.D. Fraser, C.M. Martin, S.M.M. Haeryfar, J.K. McCormick, N. Baxter, C.-A. Moulton, F. Webster, M.A. Martimianakis, S. Kitto, L.M. Murnaghan, N. Zilbert, C.-A. Moulton, A. Sauvé, D.L. Deckelbaum, K. Khwaja, T. Razek, K.S. Devitt, I. Keshet, J. Spicer, N. Lipsman, A. Kayssi, T. Mainprize, L.S. Feldman, P. Fata, M. Elmi, J. Cools-Lartigue, C. Wallace, S. Gorman, B. Muir, S.M. Feinberg, J.T. Rutka, S. Rashid, C.J. Swallow, M. Shandling, A.M. Easson, E.D. Kennedy, C.-A. Moulton, N. Roberts, T. Cil, S.A. Chadi, S. Merani, S. Steigerwald, R. Snelgrove, W. Davies, D.E. Schiller, A. Vergis, L.A. Mack, J. Downar, A.M. Easson, J.S. Hoch, A. Laupacis, H. Wijeysundera, O.D. Rotstein, A. Alali, A.B. Nathens, R. Hilsden, P. Peller, K.R. Klingbeil, J.A. Heine, W.D. Buie, A.R. MacLean, I. Datta, P.J.B. Davis, A. Levy, M. Molinari, P.M. Johnson, J.-F. Latulippe, Y. Bendavid, S. Dubé, M. Poirier, F. Heyen, M. Henri, N. Poonai, I. Ghaderi, R. Hernandez-Alejandro, T.S. Mele, A. Okrainec, S.P. Cleary, T.D. Jackson, H. Kehlet, T.P. Grantcharov, O.D. Rotstein, A. Laupacis, J.S. Hoch, B. Zagorksi, A. Alali, A.B. Nathens, R. Postuma, R. Keijzer, N. Parry, C. Mueller, G.M. Fried, M.C. Vassiliou, N. Mayo, L.S. Feldman, M.S. Hameed, A. Mui, J. Ronco, A.K. Buczkowski, M.S. Hameed, O.N.M. Panton, A.K. Buczkowski, R.K. Simons, T. Taulu, H. Wong, N. Bell, B. Heidary, M.S. Hameed, K.R. Klingbeil, M. Kwan, J. Arminan, I. Datta, J.A. Heine, W.D. Buie, A.R. MacLean, J.G. Bailey, M. Molinari, J. Hayden, P.M. Johnson, A. Barzcak, J. Mottola, B. Henderson, R. Saadia, S. Duhaime, F. Haggar, J. Watters, A. Arnaout, P. Angelos, N. Hickey, M. O’Leary, D. Boone, M. Borgaonkar, F. Balaa, F. Momoli, D. Found, L. Martin-Houlton, A. Arnaout, E. Webber, K. Eady, S. Taber, J.R. Frank, K.A. Harris, N. Muhajarine, E. Desrosiers, A.-S. Laliberté, I. Raîche, M.C. Rousseau, C. Thibault, G. Brochu, M.C. Rousseau, I. Raîche, A.-S. Laliberté, E. Desrosiers, C. Thibault, G. Brochu, O. Mailloux, M. Chhiv, R.C. Grégoire, J.-P. Gagné, D. Terterov, N. Ditkofski, S. Sinha, S. Patil, M. Puckett, CUSEC National Curriculum Working Group Members, S.A. Chadi, G. Daoust-Lafond, M. Schellenberg, P. Farrugia, A.B. Nathens, S.A. Chadi, S. Kanters, E. Boyce, B.M. Taylor, P.H. Colquhoun, M.C. Ott, E.Y. Lee, J. D’Souza, F. Farrokhyar, M.J. Marcaccio, L. Ruo, S.H.H. Kim, J. D’Souza, F. Farrokhyar, M.J. Marcaccio, L. Ruo, J. Lee, R.S. McLeod, A.B. Nathens, J. Hopkins, S. Takahashi, C. Hall, A. Hayashi, A.A. Karimuddin, S.M. Ashamalla, J. Escallon, F. Wright, L. Lee, I. Antonescu, N. Mayo, M.C. Vassiliou, G.M. Fried, L.S. Feldman, J. Racz, A. Nensi, T.S. Mele, Y. Wang, T. Vanounou, S. Bergman, M.C. Vassiliou, S. Parsons, J. Paulus, J.G. Bailey, P.J.B. Davis, P.M. Johnson, A. Fox-Robichaud, H. MacLeod, D.R. Gill, M.A.J. Moser, J.M. Shaw, S. Piedimonte, S. Bergman, T. Vanounou, J. Oucharek, G. Groot, I. Yang, I. Maxwell, M.B. Jarmuske, R.P. Boushey, R. Kirsch, A. Bakonyi, B. O’Connor, H. Huang, R.S. McLeod, Z. Cohen, K. Leslie, C. Vinden, S.A. Chadi, K. Leslie, M.C. Ott, D.R. Urbach, F.A. Quereshy, L.E. Rotstein, A. Okrainec, M.Y. Li, N. Sourial, M. Monette, F. Hamadani, D. Teasdale, S. Bergman, S.A. Fraser, I. Datta, J.D. Hunt, K.J. Stefan, C.G. Ball, E. Dixon, S.C. Grondin, R. Feld, N.B. Leighl, A. Hope, B.C.J. Cho, D. Bethune, H. Henteleff, M. Johnston, G. Buduhan, D. Jones, T. Zourikian, M.C. Rousseau, J. Spicer, E. Eckert, T. Alcindor, L.E. Ferri, U. Ronellenfitsch, A. Andalib, R. Perera, M.C. Rousseau, D.S. Mulder, L.E. Ferri, J. Ivanovic, P.J. Villeneuve, S. Gilbert, D.E. Maziak, R.S. Sundaresan, A.J.E. Seely, F.M. Shamji, D. Patsios, A.G. Wallis, C. Massey, G.E. Darling, A. Salvarrey, K. Yasufuku, S. Keshavjee, G.E. Darling, M.E. de Perrot, M. Cypel, T.K. Waddell, T.K. Waddell, K. Yasufuku, A.F. Pierre, G.E. Darling, M. Cypel, Y.R. Rampersaud, S.J. Lewis, F.A. Shepherd, N.B. Leighl, J. Cho, A. Bezjak, M. Tsao, S. Keshavjee, M.E. de Perrot, S. Sharam, W. Senner, M. Humer, R.A. Malthaner, A.J. Dickie, L. McKnight, C. Nhan, A.R. Gagliardi, R.S. McLeod, S. Gilbert, W. Petrich, T. Ramsay, A.J.E. Seely, D.E. Maziak, R.S. Sundaresan, F.M. Shamji, J. Kazakov, M. Khereba, M. Tahiri, P. Ferraro, V. Thiffault, M. Liberman, M. Ossip, N. Ganguli, J. Singh, P. Chiasson, D. Jones, W. Gregory, A. Dance, J. Fairbrother, K.P. Croome, R.A. Malthaner, R. Hernandez-Alejandro, F. Farrokhyar, F. Schneider, C. Schieman, Y. Shargall, J. Goffin, P. Ellis, C. Finley, M. Plourde, F. Manji, B. Ellis, S.A. Chadi, D. Fortin, R.I. Inculet, R.A. Malthaner, D.A. Bottoni, D. Fortin, R.I. Inculet, H. Lai, E.L.R. Bédard, E. Goudie, M. Tahiri, V. Thiffault, H. Heon, R. Hadjeres, M. Razmpoosh, P. Ferraro, M. Liberman, A. Martel, A. Alain, D.E. Maziak, A.J.E. Seely, F.M. Shamji, P.J. Villeneuve, R.S. Sundaresan, J. Veenstra, K.C. Stewart, J. Abele, E.L.R. Bédard, R. Löbenberg, A. McEwan, L. Guo, W. Roa, E.L.R. Bédard, A. Kayssi, C. Simone, R. Zeldin, N. Safieddine, A. Kayssi, C. Simone, R. Zeldin, N. Safieddine, C. Russell, A.F. Pierre, S. Keshavjee, T.K. Waddell, M.E. de Perrot, K. Yasufuku, M. Cypel, G.E. Darling, R.V. Anantha, D.A. Bottoni, D. Fortin, R.I. Inculet, R.A. Malthaner, K.P. Croome, L. VanHouwelingen, L. St-Martin, G. Regehr, S. Gallinger, C.-A. Moulton, N. Boame, H. Alobaid, R. Mimeault, R. Fairfull-Smith, T. Asmith, D. Jonker, F. Balaa, G. Martel, P. McHardy, J. Sawyer, P. Karanicolas, S. Serra, A. Borgida, S. Holter, T. McPherson, H. Kim, A. Smith, R. Grant, G. Zogopoulos, R. Huang, A. Belblidia, M. Dagenais, R. Lapointe, S. Dumitra, M. Jamal, P. Metrakos, P. Chaudhury, J. Barkun, N.G. Coburn, K.S. Devitt, C.-A. Moulton, S.P. Cleary, C.H. Law, P.D. Greig, S. Gallinger, A.C. Wei, S.W. Chung, M. Boutros, E. Rahme, J. Barkun, M. Segedi, A.K. Buczkowski, N. Devaud, N. Dhani, R. Grant, H. Shoushtari, P.E. Serrano, S. Nanji, P.D. Greig, I. McGilvray, C.-A. Moulton, A.C. Wei, S.P. Cleary, S. Hanna, N.G. Coburn, C.H. Law, D. Cyr, J. Truong, J. Lam-McCulloch, P. McHardy, J. Sawyer, C. Idestrup, P. 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