Abstracts
Open Access
2021 Canadian Surgery Forum01. Design and validation of a unique endoscopy simulator using a commercial video game03. Is ethnicity an appropriate measure of health care marginalization?: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the outcomes of diabetic foot ulceration in the Aboriginal population04. Racial disparities in surgery — a cross-specialty matched comparison between black and white patients05. Starting late does not increase the risk of postoperative complications in patients undergoing common general surgical procedures06. Ethical decision-making during a health care crisis: a resource allocation framework and tool07. Ensuring stability in surgical training program leadership: a survey of program directors08. Introducing oncoplastic breast surgery in a community hospital09. Leadership development programs for surgical residents: a review of the literature10. Superiority of non-opioid postoperative pain management after thyroid and parathyroid operations: a systematic review and meta-analysis11. Timing of ERCP relative to cholecystectomy in patients with ductal gallstone disease12. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing intraoperative red blood cell transfusion strategies13. Postoperative outcomes after frail elderly preoperative assessment clinic: a single-institution Canadian perspective14. Selective opioid antagonists following bowel resection for prevention of postoperative ileus: a systematic review and meta-analysis15. Peer-to-peer coaching after bile duct injury16. Laparoscopic median arcuate ligament release: a video abstract17. Retroperitoneoscopic approach to adrenalectomy19. Endoscopic Zenker diverticulotomy: a video abstract20. Variability in surgeons’ perioperative management of pheochromocytomas in Canada21. The contribution of surgeon and hospital variation in transfusion practice to outcomes for patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal cancer surgery: a population-based analysis22. Perioperative transfusions for gastroesophageal cancers: risk factors and short- and long-term outcomes23. The association between frailty and time alive and at home after cancer surgery among older adults: a population-based analysis24. Psychological and workplace-related effects of providing surgical care during the COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia, Canada25. Safety of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a systematic review26. Complications and reintervention following laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis27. Synchronization of pupil dilations correlates with team performance in a simulated laparoscopic team coordination task28. Receptivity to and desired design features of a surgical peer coaching program: an international survey9. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rates of emergency department utilization due to general surgery conditions30. The impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic on the exposure of general surgery trainees to operative procedures31. Association between academic degrees and research productivity: an assessment of academic general surgeons in Canada32. Laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) for subepithelial gastric lesion: a video presentation33. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute care general surgery at an academic Canadian centre34. Opioid-free analgesia after outpatient general surgery: a pilot randomized controlled trial35. Impact of neoadjuvant immunotherapy or targeted therapies on surgical resection in patients with solid tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis37. Surgical data recording in the operating room: a systematic review of modalities and metrics38. Association between nonaccidental trauma and neighbourhood socioeconomic status during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective analysis39. Laparoscopic repair of a transdiaphragmatic gastropleural fistula40. Video-based interviewing in medicine: a scoping review41. Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography for prevention of anastomotic leakage in colorectal surgery: a cost analysis from the hospital payer’s perspective43. Perception or reality: surgical resident and faculty assessments of resident workload compared with objective data45. When illness and loss hit close to home: Do health care providers learn how to cope?46. Remote video-based suturing education with smartphones (REVISE): a randomized controlled trial47. The evolving use of robotic surgery: a population-based analysis48. Prophylactic retromuscular mesh placement for parastomal hernia prevention: a retrospective cohort study of permanent colostomies and ileostomies49. Intracorporeal versus extracorporeal anastomosis in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy: a retrospective cohort study on anastomotic complications50. A lay of the land — a description of Canadian academic acute care surgery models51. Emergency general surgery in Ontario: interhospital variability in structures, processes and models of care52. Trauma 101: a virtual case-based trauma conference as an adjunct to medical education53. Assessment of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Surgical Risk Calculator for predicting patient-centred outcomes of emergency general surgery patients in a Canadian health care system54. Sustainability of a narcotic reduction initiative: 1 year following the Standardization of Outpatient Procedure (STOP) Narcotics Study55. Barriers to transanal endoscopic microsurgery referral56. Geospatial analysis of severely injured rural patients in a geographically complex landscape57. Implementation of an incentive spirometry protocol in a trauma ward: a single-centre pilot study58. Impostor phenomenon is a significant risk factor for burnout and anxiety in Canadian resident physicians: a cross-sectional survey59. Understanding the influence of perioperative education on performance among surgical trainees: a single-centre experience60. The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on current and future endoscopic personal protective equipment practices: a national survey of 77 endoscopists61. Case report: delayed presentation of perforated sigmoid diverticulitis as necrotizing infection of the lower limb62. Investigating disparities in surgical outcomes in Canadian Indigenous populations63. Fundoplication is superior to medical therapy for Barrett esophagus disease regression and progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis64. Development of a novel online general surgery learning platform and a qualitative preimplementation analysis65. Hagfish slime exudate as a potential novel hemostatic agent: developing a standardized assessment protocol66. The effect of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical oncology case volumes and wait times67. Safety of same-day discharge in high-risk patients undergoing ambulatory general surgery68. External validation of the Codman score in colorectal surgery: a pragmatic tool to drive quality improvement69. Improved morbidity and gastrointestinal restoration rates without compromising survival rates for diverting loop ileostomy with colonic lavage versus total abdominal colectomy for fulminant Clostridioides difficile colitis: a multicentre retrospective cohort study70. Potential access to emergency general surgical care in Ontario71. Immersive virtual reality (iVR) improves procedural duration, task completion and accuracy in surgical trainees: a systematic review01. Clinical validation of the Canada Lymph Node Score for endobronchial ultrasound02. Venous thromboembolism in surgically treated esophageal cancer patients: a provincial population-based study03. Venous thromboembolism in surgically treated lung cancer patients: a population-based study04. Is frailty associated with failure to rescue after esophagectomy? A multi-institutional comparative analysis of outcomes05. Routine systematic sampling versus targeted sampling of lymph nodes during endobronchial ultrasound: a feasibility randomized controlled trial06. Gastric ischemic conditioning reduces anastomotic complications in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis07. Move For Surgery, a novel preconditioning program to optimize health before thoracic surgery: a randomized controlled trial08. In case of emergency, go to your nearest emergency department — Or maybe not?09. Does preoperative SABR increase the risk of complications from lung cancer resection? A secondary analysis of the MISSILE trial10. Segmental resection for lung cancer: the added value of near-infrared fluorescence mapping diminishes with surgeon experience11. Toward competency-based continuing professional development for practising surgeons12. Stereotactic body radiotherapy versus surgery in older adults with NSCLC — a population-based, matched analysis of long-term dependency outcomes13. Role of adjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer patients after neoadjuvant therapy and curative esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis14. Evaluation of population characteristics on the incidence of thoracic empyema: an ecological study15. Determining the optimal stiffness colour threshold and stiffness area ratio cut-off for mediastinal lymph node staging using EBUS elastography and AI: a pilot study16. Quality assurance on the use of sequential compression stockings in thoracic surgery (QUESTs)17. The relationship between fissureless technique and prolonged air leak for patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy18. CXCR2 inhibition as a candidate for immunomodulation in the treatment of K-RAS-driven lung adenocarcinoma19. Assessment tools for evaluating competency in video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy: a systematic review20. Understanding the current practice on chest tube management following lung resection among thoracic surgeons across Canada21. Effect of routine jejunostomy tube insertion in esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis22. Recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax following bullectomy with pleurodesis or pleurectomy: a retrospective analysis23. Surgical outcomes following chest wall resection and reconstruction24. Outcomes following surgical management of primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumours25. Does robotic approach offer better nodal staging than thoracoscopic approach in anatomical resection for non–small cell lung cancer? A single-centre propensity matching analysis26. Competency assessment for mediastinal mass resection and thymectomy: design and Delphi process27. The contemporary significance of venous thromboembolism (deep venous thrombosis [DVT] and pulmonary embolus [PE]) in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a prospective, multicentre cohort study to evaluate the incidence and clinical outcomes of VTE after major esophageal resections28. Esophageal cancer: symptom severity at the end of life29. The impact of pulmonary artery reconstruction on postoperative and oncologic outcomes: a systematic review30. Association with surgical technique and recurrence after laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal hernia: a single-centre experience31. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in esophagectomy32. Surgical treatment of esophageal cancer: trends in surgical approach and early mortality at a single institution over the past 18 years34. Adverse events and length of stay following minimally invasive surgery in paraesophageal hernia repair35. Long-term symptom control comparison of Dor and Nissen fundoplication following laparoscopic para-esophageal hernia repair: a retrospective analysis36. Willingness to pay: a survey of Canadian patients’ willingness to contribute to the cost of robotic thoracic surgery37. Radiomics in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma: a prediction tool for tumour immune microenvironments38. Effectiveness of intraoperative pyloric botox injection during esophagectomy: how often is endoscopic intervention required?39. An artificial intelligence algorithm for predicting lymph node malignancy during endobronchial ultrasound40. The effect of major and minor complications after lung surgery on length of stay and readmission41. Measuring cost of adverse events following thoracic surgery: a scoping review42. Laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia repair: characterization by hospital and surgeon volume and impact on outcomes43. NSQIP 5-Factor Modified Frailty Index predicts morbidity but not mortality after esophagectomy44. Trajectory of perioperative HRQOL and association with postoperative complications in thoracic surgery patients45. Variation in treatment patterns and outcomes for resected esophageal cancer at designated thoracic surgery centres46. Patient-reported pretreatment health-related quality of life (HRQOL) predicts short-term survival in esophageal cancer patients47. Analgesic efficacy of surgeon-placed paravertebral catheters compared with thoracic epidural analgesia after Ivor Lewis esophagectomy: a retrospective noninferiority study48. Rapid return to normal oxygenation after lung surgery49. Examination of local and systemic inflammatory changes during lung surgery01. Implications of near-infrared imaging and indocyanine green on anastomotic leaks following colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis02. Repeat preoperative endoscopy after regional implementation of electronic synoptic endoscopy reporting: a retrospective comparative study03. Consensus-derived quality indicators for operative reporting in transanal endoscopic surgery (TES)04. Colorectal lesion localization practices at endoscopy to facilitate surgical and endoscopic planning: recommendations from a national consensus Delphi process05. Black race is associated with increased mortality in colon cancer — a population-based and propensity-score matched analysis06. Improved survival in a cohort of patients 75 years and over with FIT-detected colorectal neoplasms07. Laparoscopic versus open loop ileostomy reversal: a systematic review and meta-analysis08. Posterior mesorectal thickness as a predictor of increased operative time in rectal cancer surgery: a retrospective cohort study09. Improvement of colonic anastomotic healing in mice with oral supplementation of oligosaccharides10. How can we better identify patients with rectal bleeding who are at high risk of colorectal cancer?11. Assessment of long-term bowel dysfunction in rectal cancer survivors: a population-based cohort study12. Observational versus antibiotic therapy for acute uncomplicated diverticulitis: a noninferiority meta-analysis based on a Delphi consensus13. Radiotherapy alone versus chemoradiotherapy for stage I anal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis14. Is the Hartmann procedure for diverticulitis obsolete? National trends in colectomy for diverticulitis in the emergency setting from 1993 to 201515. Sugammadex in colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis16. Sexuality and rectal cancer treatment: a qualitative study exploring patients’ information needs and expectations on sexual dysfunction after rectal cancer treatment17. Video-based interviews in selection process18. Impact of delaying colonoscopies during the COVID-19 pandemic on colorectal cancer detection and prevention19. Opioid use disorder associated with increased anastomotic leak and major complications after colorectal surgery20. Effectiveness of a rectal cancer education video on patient expectations21. Robotic-assisted rectosigmoid and rectal cancer resection: implementation and early experience at a Canadian tertiary centre22. An online educational app for rectal cancer survivors with low anterior resection syndrome: a pilot study23. The effects of surgeon specialization on the outcome of emergency colorectal surgery24. Outcomes after colorectal cancer resections in octogenarians and older in a regional New Zealand setting — What are the predictors of mortality?25. Long-term outcomes after seton placement for perianal fistulae with and without Crohn disease26. A survey of patient and surgeon preference for early ileostomy closure following restorative proctectomy for rectal cancer — Why aren’t we doing it?27. Crohn disease independently associated with longer hospital admission after surgery28. Short-stay (≤ 1 d) diverting loop ileostomy closure can be selectively implemented without an increase in readmission and complication rates: an ACS-NSQIP analysis29. A comparison of perineal stapled rectal prolapse resection and the Altemeier procedure at 2 Canadian academic hospitals30. Mental health and substance use disorders predict 90-day readmission and postoperative complications following rectal cancer surgery31. Early discharge after colorectal cancer resection: trends and impact on patient outcomes32. Oral antibiotics without mechanical bowel preparation prior to emergency colectomy reduces the risk of organ space surgical site infections: a NSQIP propensity score matched study33. The impact of robotic surgery on a tertiary care colorectal surgery program, an assessment of costs and short-term outcomes — a Canadian perspective34. Should we scope beyond the age limit of guidelines? Adenoma detection rates and outcomes of screening and surveillance colonoscopies in patients aged 75–79 years35. Emergency department admissions for uncomplicated diverticulitis: a nationwide study36. Obesity is associated with a complicated episode of acute diverticulitis: a nationwide study37. Green indocyanine angiography for low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer: a prospective before-and-after study38. The impact of age on surgical recurrence of fibrostenotic ileocolic Crohn disease39. A qualitative study to explore the optimal timing and approach for the LARS discussion01. Racial, ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in diagnosis, treatment and survival of patients with breast cancer: a SEER-based population analysis02. First-line palliative chemotherapy for esophageal and gastric cancer: practice patterns and outcomes in the general population03. Frailty as a predictor for postoperative outcomes following pancreaticoduodenectomy04. Synoptic electronic operative reports identify practice variation in cancer surgery allowing for directed interventions to decrease variation05. The role of Hedgehog signalling in basal-like breast cancer07. Clinical and patient-reported outcomes in oncoplastic breast conservation surgery from a single surgeon’s practice in a busy community hospital in Canada08. Upgrade rate of atypical ductal hyperplasia: 10 years of experience and predictive factors09. Time to first adjuvant treatment after oncoplastic breast reduction10. Preparing to survive: improving outcomes for young women with breast cancer11. Opioid prescription and consumption in patients undergoing outpatient breast surgery — baseline data for a quality improvement initiative12. Rectal anastomosis and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: Should we avoid diverting loop ileostomy?13. Delays in operative management of early-stage, estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic — a multi-institutional matched historical cohort study14. Opioid prescribing practices in breast oncologic surgery15. Oncoplastic breast reduction (OBR) complications and patient-reported outcomes16. De-escalating breast cancer surgery: Should we apply quality indicators from other jurisdictions in Canada?17. The breast cancer patient experience of telemedicine during COVID-1918. A novel ex vivo human peritoneal model to investigate mechanisms of peritoneal metastasis in gastric adenocarcinoma (GCa)19. Preliminary uptake and outcomes utilizing the BREAST-Q patient-reported outcomes questionnaire in patients following breast cancer surgery20. Routine elastin staining improves detection of venous invasion and enhances prognostication in resected colorectal cancer21. Analysis of exhaled volatile organic compounds: a new frontier in colon cancer screening and surveillance22. A clinical pathway for radical cystectomy leads to a shorter hospital stay and decreases 30-day postoperative complications: a NSQIP analysis23. Fertility preservation in young breast cancer patients: a population-based study24. Investigating factors associated with postmastectomy unplanned emergency department visits: a population-based analysis25. Impact of patient, tumour and treatment factors on psychosocial outcomes after treatment in women with invasive breast cancer26. The relationship between breast and axillary pathologic complete response in women receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer01. The association between bacterobilia and the risk of postoperative complications following pancreaticoduodenectomy02. Surgical outcome and quality of life following exercise-based prehabilitation for hepatobiliary surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis03. Does intraoperative frozen section and revision of margins lead to improved survival in patients undergoing resection of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis04. Prolonged kidney procurement time is associated with worse graft survival after transplantation05. Venous thromboembolism following hepatectomy for colorectal metastases: a population-based retrospective cohort study06. Association between resection approach and transfusion exposure in liver resection for gastrointestinal cancer07. The association between surgeon volume and use of laparoscopic liver resection for gastrointestinal cancer08. Immune suppression through TIGIT in colorectal cancer liver metastases09. “The whole is greater than the sum of its parts” — a combined strategy to reduce postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy10. Laparoscopic versus open synchronous colorectal and hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer11. Identifying prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with recurrent disease following liver resection for colorectal cancer metastasis12. Modified Blumgart pancreatojejunostomy with external stenting in laparoscopic Whipple reconstruction13. Laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy: a single centre’s initial experience with introduction of a novel surgical approach14. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus upfront surgery for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: a single-centre cohort analysis15. Thermal ablation and telemedicine to reduce resource utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic16. Cost-utility analysis of normothermic machine perfusion compared with static cold storage in liver transplantation in the Canadian setting17. Impact of adjuvant therapy on overall survival in early-stage ampullary cancers: a single-centre retrospective review18. Presence of biliary anaerobes enhances response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma19. How does tumour viability influence the predictive capability of the Metroticket model? Comparing predicted-to-observed 5-year survival after liver transplant for hepatocellular carcinoma20. Does caudate resection improve outcomes in patients undergoing curative resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis21. Appraisal of multivariable prognostic models for postoperative liver decompensation following partial hepatectomy: a systematic review22. Predictors of postoperative liver decompensation events following resection in patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma: a population-based study23. Characteristics of bacteriobilia and impact on outcomes after Whipple procedure01. Inverting the y-axis: the future of MIS abdominal wall reconstruction is upside down02. Progressive preoperative pneumoperitoneum: a single-centre retrospective study03. The role of radiologic classification of parastomal hernia as a predictor of the need for surgical hernia repair: a retrospective cohort study04. Comparison of 2 fascial defect closure methods for laparoscopic incisional hernia repair01. Hypoalbuminemia predicts serious complications following elective bariatric surgery02. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band migration inducing jejunal obstruction associated with acute pancreatitis: aurgical approach of band removal03. Can visceral adipose tissue gene expression determine metabolic outcomes after bariatric surgery?04. Improvement of kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease and severe obesity after bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis05. A prediction model for delayed discharge following gastric bypass surgery06. Experiences and outcomes of Indigenous patients undergoing bariatric surgery: a mixed-methods scoping review07. What is the optimal common channel length in revisional bariatric surgery?08. Laparoscopic management of internal hernia in a 34-week pregnant woman09. Characterizing timing of postoperative complications following elective Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy10. Canadian trends in bariatric surgery11. Common surgical stapler problems and how to correct them12. Management of choledocholithiasis following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Virtual, online Sept. 21–24, 2021
G. Johnson, K. Hickey, A. Azin, K. Guidolin, K. Guidolin, F. Shariff, J. Gentles, M. Parapini, R. Guo, E. Ertel, T. Lenet, K. Nabata, T. McKechnie, A. Zhu, T. McKechnie, M. Nguyen, T. McKechnie, L. Qu, J. Zuckerman, A. Kammili, J. Zuckerman, K. D’Souza, L. Glass, L. Kerr, W. He, L. Lee, S. Balvardi, S. Balvardi, A. Miles, A. Fecso, D. Skubleny, U. Do, P.E. Serrano Aybar, C. Kruse, H. Forbes, V. Pravong, R. Selvam, R. Liu, E. Walser, A. Lee, K. Ren, H. Muaddi, J. Frigault, J. Frigault, A. Rosenzveig, G. Skelhorne-Gross, K. Singh, A. Mierzwa, R. Wigen, R. Raskin, C. Dwyer, W. Sun, R. Liu, E. Schmitz, W. Sun, E. Schmitz, N. Patro, H. Wilson, C. Li, C. Li, J. Drung, G. Pang, K. Guidolin, M. Abou Khalil, K. Larsen, L. Lan, R. He, G. Akhtar-Danesh, G. Akhtar-Danesh, D. Hirpara, K. Sullivan, U. Jogiat, Y. Patel, M. Abbas, A. Ednie, J. Alaichi, S. Turner, D. Hirpara, Y. Lee, R. Nayak, N. Mistry, S. Abdul, R. Razzak, M. De Meo, A. Kammili, L. Esther, Y. Lee, S. Brophy, V. Resende, D. Sisson, A. Alghamedi, S. Turner, Y. Shargall, B. Greenberg, C. Huynh, A. Al Rawahi, D. Sisson, M. Humer, S. Abdul, D. Le Nguyen, Y. Patel, M. Kaafarani, N. Hunka, I. Churchill, C. Finley, D. Jones, V. Gupta, L. Qu, E. Peters, V. Gupta, M. Robinson, H. Wang, K. Graham, A. Bruinooge, K. Verhoeff, G. Johnson, G. Johnson, G. Johnson, A. Azin, C. Cahill, T. McKechnie, T. McKechnie, R. Hajjar, K. Purich, R. Garfinkle, R. Garfinkle, G. Talwar, H. AlSulaim, T. McKechnie, V. Brissette, R. Selvam, J. Holland, J. Holland, C. Brown, M. Li, O. Monton, O. AlAamer, R. Ruxton, M.K. Motamedi, N. Caminsky, Z. Bayat, J. Liang, H. Roy, J. Moon, J. Moon, E. Salama, V. Wiseman, Z. Harra, M. Hegagi, N. Alghaithi, E. Papillon, N. Kasteel, R. Szwimer, A. Azin, S. Merchant, V. Li, M. Jacobson, W. Marini, A. DiPasquale, N. Gagnon, S. Mysuria, A. Hunter-Smith, A. Alqaydi, V. Pravong, É. Di Lena, É. Di Lena, S. Mysuria, H. Kapur, L. Cadili, D. Ng, K. Allen, D. Cyr, A. Allard-Coutu, C. Mardinger, D. Nguyen, S. Langer, D. Lim, D. Lim, M. Parapini, K. Verhoeff, T. Lenet, F. Reyna-Sepulveda, N. Hanna, J. Zuckerman, J. Zuckerman, D. Henault, M. Lemke, M. Lund, L. Park, J. Glinka, E. Waugh, E. Waugh, J. Glinka, A. Webb, Y. Essaji, H. Shrader, V. Smith, R. Gilbert, Z. Mir, Z. Mir, S. Elbekri, N. Zuker, G. Chartrand, J. Frigault, M. Melland-Smith, C. McLean, M. Fortin, S. Keshavjee, Y. Lee, W. He, F. Deaninck, Z. Cloutier, J. Shiroky, A. Mierzwa, A. Jarrar, W. Lin, M. Connell, A. Vergis, B. Unger, J. Park, L. Gillman, D. Pace, K. Lam-Tin-Cheung, S. Chadi, F. Quereshy, J. Catton, B. Rubin, J. Bell, J. Marangos, A. Heesters, T. Stuart-McEwan, F. Quereshy, F. Wright, N. Ahmed, A. Nadler, J. Hallet, L. Chen, H. Hwang, D. Hirpara, R. Sidhu, T. Scott, A. Karimuddin, A. Nguyen, J. Osborn, S. Wiseman, K. Nabata, H. Hwang, L. Baker, L. Park, M. Vered, A. Zahrai, R. Shorr, A. Davis, D. McIsaac, A. Tinmouth, D. Fergusson, G. Martel, S. Rummel, M. Stefic-Cubic, A. Karimuddin, M. Stewart, A. Melck, T. Anpalagan, S. Ichhpuniani, Y. Lee, K. Ramji, C. Eskicioglu, S. Deng, B. Greene, M. Tsang, V. Palter, S. Jayaraman, A. Mann, J. Tittley, M. Cadeddu, A. Madani, J. Pasternak, K. Ramji, D. Hong, A. Istl, E. Tang, D. Gray, N. Coburn, J. Callum, R. McLeod, E. Pearsall, Y. Lin, A. Turgeon, G. Martel, J. Hallet, A. Mahar, P. Kriviraltcheva-Kaneva, L. Lee, J. Cools-Lartigue, L. Ferri, C. Mueller, B. Haas, B. Tillman, M. Guttman, T. Chesney, V. Zuk, A. Mahar, A. Hsu, W. Chan, R. Vasdev, N. Coburn, J. Hallet, C. Huynh, L. Cadili J. Ling, R. Warburton, H. Hwang, M. Hameed, H. Williamson, P. Murphy, E. Tang, K. Leslie, J. Hawel, S. Zablotny, H. Roldan, X. Jiang, B. Zheng, J. Fiore, L. Feldman, G. Fried, C. Mueller, S. Valanci, J. Cipolla, P. Kaneva, S. Demyttenaere, M. Boutros, L. Lee, L. Feldman, J. Fiore, M. Alhashemi, J. Cipolla, L. Lee, J. Fiore, L. Feldman, K. Purich, K. Verhoeff, J. Shapiro, D. Bigam, J. Kung, T. Chesney, J. Mosko, P. Hamilton, S. Ghosh, S. Widder, D. Schiller, C. El Kefraoui, M. Pook, N. Barone, S. Balvardi, H. Montgomery, P. Nguyen-Powanda, F. Rajabiyazdi, H. Elhaj, M. Lapointe-Gagner, G. Olleik, P. Kaneva, A. Antoun, N. Safa, E. Di Lena, S. Meterissian, A. Meguerditchian, G. Fried, M. Alhashemi, F. Lee, G. Baldini, L. Feldman, J. Fiore, S. Parpia, L. Ruo, K. Tywonek, S. Lee, C. O’Neill, N. Faisal, A. Alfayyadh, M. Gundayao, B.M. Meyers, R. Habashi, T. McKechnie, M. Levin, K. Aldrich, T. Grantcharov, A. Langerman, R. Anantha, V. Fawcett, A. Hetherington, M. Gervais, G. Rakovich, R. Hu, R. Musselman, I. Raiche, H. Moloo, A. Elnahas, N. Alkhamesi, J. Hawel, E. Tang, A. Alnumay, C. Schlachta, C. Zhang, S. Cristancho, M. Ott, B. Niu, F. Balaa, N. Gawad, Y. Qiu, K. Hamann, N. How, C. Leveille, A. Davidson, A. Eqbal, Y. Sardiwalla, M. Korostensky, T. McKechnie, E. Lee, I. Yang, K. Ren, T. Stukel, C. de Mestral, A. Nathens, P. Karanicolas, S. Lemieux, D. Breton, P. Bouchard, A. Bouchard, R. Grégoire, F. Letarte, G. Bouchard, S. Drolet, S. Avoine, S. Drolet, F. Letarte, A. Bouchard, J. Gagné, C. Thibault, R. Grégoire, N. Jutras Bouthillette, M. Gosselin, P. Bouchard, T. Stuleanu, A. Jarrar, N. Kolozsvari, R. Nenshi, A. Jerath, D. Gomez, T. Amir, E. Liu, S. Farquharson, R. Mao, L. Lan, J. Yan, A. Allard-Coutu, R. Tin, R. Brisebois, N. Bradley, E. Walser, L. Hartford, J. Van Koughnett, K. Vogt, R. Hilsden, N. Parry, L. Allen, K. Leslie, J. Jones, K. Neumann, M. Strickland, N. Bradley, D. O’Dochartaigh, K. Lobay, A. Kabaroff, E. Chang, S. Widder, R. Anantha, J. Beck, R. Anantha, J. Davidson, S. Jones, T. Van Hooren, J. Van Koughnett, M. Ott, I. Raiche, M. El Hafid, J. Dang, V. Mocanu, G. Lutzak, R. Sultanian, C. Wong, S. Karmali, M. Petrera, M. Pickell, R. Auer, B. Li, Y. Lee, V. Mocanu, W. Sun, J. Dang, U. Jogiat, J. Kung, N. Switzer, S. Karmali, C. Wong, A. Al Hinai, A. Cieply, H. Hawes, E. Joos, A. Saleh, A. Saleh, P. Engels, L. Allen, K. Leslie, M. Kwong, C. Schlachta, N. Alkhamesi, J. Hawel, A. Elnahas, J. Ellsmere, S. Chadi, F. Quereshy, D. Chang, M. Hutter, R. Spence, M. Boutros, C. Vasilevsky, N. Morin, Y. Longtin, S. Liberman, S. Demyttenaere, P. Montpetit, M. Poirier, K. Mukherjee, H. Sebajang, R. Younan, F. Schwenter, E. De Broux, G. Skelhorne-Gross, A. Beckett, J. Nantais, D. Gomez, R. Mao, J. Kay, R. Lohre, O. Ayeni, D. Goel, D. de SA, D. Hylton, E. Bedard, S. Johnson, B. Laing, A. Valji, W. Hanna, S. Turner, N. Akhtar-Danesh, Y. Shargall, N. Akhtar-Danesh, Y. Shargall, V. Gupta, B. Kidane, J. Limbachia, F. Farrokhyar, G. Leontiadis, Y. Patel, I. Churchill, D. Hylton, F. Xie, A. Seely, J. Spicer, B. Kidane, S. Turner, K. Yasufuku, W. Hanna, W. Sun, J. Dang, V. Mocanu, J. Kung, S. Karmali, S. Turner, N. Switzer, I. Churchill, K. Sullivan, M. Beauchamp, J. Wald, L. Mbuagbaw, J. Agzarian, Y. Shargall, C. Finley, C. Fahim, W. Hanna, O. Olaiya, H. Begum, L. Mbuagbaw, C. Finley, W. Hanna, J. Agzarian, Y. Shargall, D. Palma, A. Warner, R. Malthaner, D. Fortin, M. Qiabi, R. Nayak, T. Nguyen, A. Louie, G. Rodrigues, B. Yaremko, J. Laba, R. Inculet, Y. Patel, W. Hanna, B. Mador, H. Lai, J. White, M. Kim, B. Kidane, A. Louie, V. Zuk, G. Darling, M. Rousseau, T. Chesney, N. Coburn, J. Hallet, Y. Samarasinghe, M. Lee, L. Thiru, Y. Shargall, C. Finley, W. Hanna, O. Levine, R. Juergens, J. Agzarian, S. Brogly, W. Li, D. Lougheed, D. Petsikas, A. Gatti, I. Churchill, Y. Patel, W. Hanna, C. Anestee, S. Gilbert, S. Sundaresan, A. Seely, P. Villeneuve, D. Maziak, A. Ashrafi, N. Tregobov, N. Hassanzadeh, S. Stone, A. Panjwani, T. Bong, R. Bond, A. Hafizi, R. Rayes, S. Milette, M. Vagai, M. Usatii, A. Chandrasekaran, B. Giannias, F. Bourdeau, V. Sangwan, N. Bertos, C. Moraes, S. Huang, D. Quail, L. Walsh, S. Camilleri-Broet, P. Fiset, J. Cools-Lartigue, L. Ferri, J. Spicer, E. Bilgic, A. Quaiattini, M. Maurice-Ventouris, S. Najmeh, C. Mueller, H. Begum, J. Agzarian, W. Hanna, C. Finley, Y. Shargall, J. Lu, R. Malhan, Y. Shargall, C. Finley, W. Hanna, J. Agzarian, K. Brennan, D. French, M. Momtazi, O. Solaja, S. Gilbert, D. Maziak, A. Seely, S. Sundaresan, P. Villeneuve, L. Donahoe, P. Bedard, A. Hansen, M. De Perrot, A. Simone, H. Begum, W. Hanna, Y. Shargall, J. Huang, H. Lai, E. Bedard, S. Murthy, J. Lin, G. Darling, R. Malthaner, B. Kidane, A. Seely, H. Li, M. Crowther, L. Linkins, E. Lau, L. Schneider, W. Hanna, C. Finley, J. Agzarian, J. Douketis, V. Gupta, C. Allen-Avodabo, L. Davis, H. Zhao, B. Kidane, G. Darling, N. Coburn, J. Cools-Lartigue, L. Ferri, S. Najmeh, C. Sirois, D. Mulder, J. Spicer, S. Aftab Abdul, D. Nguyen, C. Anstee, E. Delic, S. Gilbert, D. Maziak, P. Villeneuve, A. Seely, H. Sasewich, T. Islam, D. Low, G. Darling, S. Turner, D. Nguyen, A. Al Rawahi, C. Anstee, E. Delic, S. Gilbert, P. Villeneuve, D. Maziak, A. Seely, S. Aftab Abdul, A. Al Rawahi, C. Anstee, E. Delic, S. Gilbert, P. Villeneuve, D. Maziak, A. Seely, M. Kay, I. Churchill, K. Sullivan, Y. Shargall, B. Shayegan, A. Adili, W. Hanna, C. Huynh, F. Chouiali, N. Muthukrishnan, F. Maleki, K. Ovens, M. Gold, M. Sorin, R. Falutz, R. Rayes, R. Forghani, J. Spicer, R. Kennedy, R. Bigsby, S. Bharadwaj, S. Gowing, A. Gatti, D. Hylton, K. Sullivan, Y. Patel, F. Farrokhyar, G. Leontiadis, W. Hanna, H. Begum, K. Pearce, J. Agzarian, W. Hanna, Y. Shargall, N. Akhtar-Danesh, C. Anstee, S. Kumar, M. Gingrich, A. Simone, Z. Ahmadzai, K. Thavorn, A. Seely, A. Namavarian, A. Mohammed, S. Uddin, D. Jones, A. Behzadi, A. Brar, M. Qiabi, R. Nayak, R. Malthaner, G. Buduhan, L. Tan, R. Liu, S. Srinathan, B. Kidane, J. Levy, B. Kidane, A. Mahar, J. Ringash, R. Sutradhar, G. Darling, N. Coburn, L. Bednarek, G. Buduhan, R. Liu, L. Tan, S. Srinathan, B. Kidane, D. French, D. MacDonald, S. Enns, G. Buduhan, S. Srinathan, R. Liu, A. Tan, B. Kidane, E. Poole, C. Pascoe, T. Karakach, G. Buduhan, L. Tan, S. Srinathan, A. Halayko, B. Kidane, V. Mocanu, B. Fang, J. Dang, J. Kung, N. Switzer, D. Birch, S. Karmali, H. Singh, A. Vergis, J. Park, O. Hershorn, D. Hochman, R. Helewa, R. Robertson, A. Vergis, A. Vergis, H. Singh, J. Park, R. Helewa, M. Lipson, A. Afzal, A. Maclean, C. Wong, S. Roen, W. Buie, T. Anpalagan, M. Chu, Y. Lee, N. Amin, D. Hong, C. Eskicioglu, K. Ramji, C. Kruse, H. Jaffer, R. Rebello, N. Amin, A. Doumouras, D. Hong, C. Eskicioglu, M. Oliero, T. Cuisiniere, G. Fragoso, A. Calvé, S. Djediai, B. Annabi, C. Richard, M. Santos, Y. Zhou, S. Dodd, B. Ring, Y. Yuan, J. White, S. Dell’Aniello, S. Bhatnagar, N. Morin, G. Ghitulescu, J. Faria, C. Vasilevsky, P. Brassard, M. Boutros, E. Salama, A. Amar-Zifkin, N. Morin, G. Ghitulescu, J. Faria, C. Vasilevsky, M. Boutros, R. Daniel, T. McKechnie, O. Levine, C. Eskicioglu, M. Alqahtani, R. Garfinkle, S. Al-Masrouri, C. Vasilevsky, N. Morin, M. Boutros, A. Chen, A. Patel, Y. Lee, A. Doumouras, D. Hong, C. Eskicioglu, N. Al Busaidi, F. Rajabiyazdi, J. Moon, M. Demian, C. Vasilevsky, N. Morin, M. Boutros, H. Moloo, H. MacRae, F. Alam, I. Raiche, M. Cwintal, G. Rigas, C. Vasilevsky, N. Morin, G. Ghitulescu, J. Faria, A. Pang, M. Boutros, J. Moon, D. Marinescu, N. Morin, G. Ghitulescu, A. Pang, C. Vasilevsky, M. Boutros, A. Karimuddin, M. Raval, P. Phang, A. Ghuman, S. Muncner, I. Mihajlovic, M. Dykstra, R. Snelgrove, H. Wang, A. Smith, J. Moon, M. Demian, R. Garfinkle, C. Vasilevsky, F. Rajabiyazdi, M. Boutros, N. AlSelaim, M. AlMalki, A. Al-osail, P. Manuel, F. Mohamed, S. Serahati, L. Rajendran, C. Brown, M. Raval, A. Karimuddin, A. Ghuman, T. Phang, J. Moon, F. Rajabiyazdi, S. Chadi, K. Alavi, I. Paquette, T. MacLean, S. Wexner, S. Liberman, S. Steele, J. Park, S. Patel, L. Bordeianou, R. Auer, P. Sylla, N. Morin, A. Ghuman, M. Boutros, E. Kennedy, C. Victor, A. Govindarajan, C. Vasilevsky, A. Pang, G. Ghitulescu, J. Faria, N. Morin, M. Boutros, D. Marinescu, Z. Baig, A. Karimmudin, M. Raval, C. Brown, T. Phang, D. Gill, N. Ginther, D. Marinescu, A. Pang, G. Ghitulescu, J. Faria, N. Morin, C. Vasilevsky, M. Boutros, A. Pang, G. Ghitulescu, J. Faria, N. Morin, C. Vasilevsky, M. Boutros, F. Alrashid, C. Vasilevsky, G. Ghitulescu, J. Faria, N. Morin, M. Boutros, L. Zhang, P. MacDonald, S.M. Merchant, K. Wattie Barnett, A. Caycedo-Marulanda, S.V. Patel, C. Vasilevsky, G. Ghitulescu, N. Morin, M. Boutros, A. Pang, M. Alqahtani, N. Morin, G. Ghitulescu, C. Vasilevsky, M. Boutros, D. Marinescu, S. Al-Masrouri, A. Pang, C. Vasilevsky, M. Boutros, G. Kaur, S. Bindra, A. Malhotra, C. Graham, A. MacLean, P. Beck, H. Jijon, J. Ferraz, W. Buie, J. Moon, M. Demian, A. Pang, N. Morin, C. Vasilevsky, F. Rajabiyazdi, M. Boutros, W. Kong, B. Gyawali, T. Hanna, W. Chung, S. Nanji, S. Patel, C. Booth, A. Awan, P. Serrano, M. Chanco, V. Wen, N. Singh, L. Peiris, J. Pasieka, P. Ghatage, D. Buie, T. MacLean, A. Bouchard-Fortier, L. Mack, W. Zheng, C. Swallow, M. Reedijk, L. Peiris, Z. Prus-Czrnecka, L. Delmar, R. Villiard, É. Martel, A. Cadrin-Chênevert, É. Ledoux, C. Racicot, A. Bazzarelli, J. Pao, L. Chen, M. Zhang, E. McKevitt, R. Warburton, U. Kuusk, N. Van Laeken, E. Bovill, K. Isaac, C. Dingee, C. Cuthbert, K. Fergus, L. Barbera, Y. Efegoma, D. Howell, S. Isherwood, N. Levasseur, A. Scheer, C. Simmons, A. Srikantham, C. Temple-Orberle, Y. Xu, K. Metcalfe, M. Quan, J. la, S. Merchant, G. Digby, A. Brind’Amour, L. Sidéris, P. Dubé, L. De Guerke, S. Fortin, M. Auclair, B. Trilling, J. Tremblay, B. Hopkins, S. Wong, S. Meterissian, N. Barone, B. Hopkins, S. Dumitra, P. Kaneva, J. Fiore, S. Meterissian, E. McKevitt, R. Warburton, L. Chen, A. Bazzarelli, J. Pao, E. Bovill, M. Zhang, U. Kuusk, K. Isaac, N. Van Laeken, C. Dingee, E. McKevitt, R. Warburton, J. Pao, C. Dingee, A. Bazarelli, U. Kuusk, L. Chen, K. DeGirolamo, E. McKevitt, J. Pao, C. Dingee, A. Bazzarelli, R. Warburton, A. Ali, D. Eymae, K. Lee, S. Brar, J. Conner, M. Magalhaes, C. Swallow, C. Baliski, A. Sari, D. Messenger, D. Driman, N. Assarzadegan, A. Juda, C. Swallow, E. Kennedy, M. Brar, J. Conner, R. Kirsch, K. Singh, A. Lamontagne, Y. Gamache, A. Allard-Coutu, C. Lee, R. Duckworth, M. Brindle, F. Fraulin, L. Austen, J. Kortbeek, M. Hyndman, G. Jamjoum, A. Meguerditchian, Y. Yuan Xu, S. Kong, M. Quan, H. Retrouvey, I. Kerrebijn, K. Butler, A. O’Neill, T. Cil, T. Zhong, S. Hofer, D. McCready, K. Metcalfe, B. Greene, N. Look Hong, J. Skipworth, A. Mah, S. Desai, S. Chung, C. Scudamore, M. Segedi, E. Vasilyeva, J. Li, P. Kim, A. Deprato, K. Purich, J. Kung, D. Bigam, K. Dajani, R. Gilbert, R. Smoot, G. Martel, C. Tzeng, F. Rocha, L. Yohanathan, S. Cleary, K. Bertens, D. Badrudin, B. Gala-Lopez, S. Brogly, X. Wei, C. Booth, S. Nanji, N. Coburn, A. Mahar, J. Callum, Y. Kaliwal, S. Jayaraman, A. Wei, G. Martel, J. Hallet, S. Jayaraman, A. Wei, A. Mahar, Y. Kaliwal, G. Martel, N. Coburn, J. Hallet, B. Barrette, S. Pelletier, P. Thebault, E. Beaudry-Simoneau, Z. Rong, M. Plasse, A. Roy M. Dagenais, R. Létourneau, R. Lapointe, F. Vandenbroucke-Menu, B. Nguyen, G. Soucy, S. Turcotte, E. Waugh, K. Leslie, D. Quan, A. Skaro, E. Tang, L. Allen, J. Glinka, G. Jada, D. Quan, A. Skaro, E. Tang, J. Daza, V. Li, H. Msallak, B. Zhang, A. Workneh, S. Faisal, R. Faisal, M. Fabbro, C. Gu, M. Claassen, V. Zuk, J. Hallet, G. Martel, G. Sapisochin, P. Serrano, A. Skaro, K. Leslie, G. Jada, D. Quan, E. Tang, M. Lemke, J. Glinka, A. Skaro, K. Leslie, E. Tang, D. Breadner, R. Liu, E. Tang, L. Allen, S. Welch, A. Skaro, K. Leslie, E. Waugh, E. Tang, G. Jada, D. Quan, A. Skaro, E. Lester, A. Shapiro, D. Eurich, D. Bigam, A. Nayyar, M. Suraju, S. Williams-Perez, P. Ear, C. Chan, M. Rivers-Bowerman, A. Costa, A. Stueck, N. Campbell, S. Allen, B. Gala-Lopez, T. Lenet, S. Cleary, R. Smoot, C. Tzeng, F. Rocha, G. Martel, K. Bertens, H. Golding, S. McKeown, S. Nanji, J. Flemming, P. Groome, M. Djerboua, S. Nanji, J. Flemming, P. Groome, S. Turcotte, E. Girard, P. Morency-Potvin, R. Lapointe, F. Vandenbroucke-Menu, M. Dagenais, A. Roy, R. Letourneau, M. Plasse, E. Simoneau, Z. Rong, M. Oakley, B. Misheva, Y. Bendavid, S. Lemieux, D. Breton, G. Bouchard, S. Drolet, L. Smith, J. Tan, U. Kahn, V. Mocanu, D. Birch, S. Karmali, N. Switzer, X. Paré, A. Doyon, K. Schwenger, J. Yadav, S. Fischer, T. Jackson, J. Allard, A. Okrainec, S. Anvari, M. Chu, O. Lovrics, I. Aditya, R. Malhan, A. Khondker, M. Walsh, A. Doumouras, D. Hong, A. Vergis, K. Hardy, R. Romanescu, J. Linton, M. Fowler-Woods, A. Fowler-Woods, G. Shingoose, A. Vergis, K. Hardy, M. Zmudzinski, T. McKechnie, Y. Lee, V. Archer, A. Doumouras, J. Abu Halimah, K. Ramji, V. Boudreau, V. Mocanu, G. Marcil, J. Dang, N. Switzer, D. Birch, S. Karmali, A. Mierzwa, A. Hardy-Henry, N. Kolozsvari, J. Hagen, W. Sun, J. Dang, V. Mocanu, J. Kung, N. Switzer, D. Birch and S. Karmali
Can J Surg December 14, 2021 64 (6 Suppl 2) S80-S159; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1503/cjs.021321
G. Johnson
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
K. Hickey
From Memorial University, St. John’s, Nfld.
A. Azin
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
K. Guidolin
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
K. Guidolin
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
F. Shariff
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
J. Gentles
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
M. Parapini
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
R. Guo
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
E. Ertel
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
T. Lenet
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
K. Nabata
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
T. McKechnie
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
A. Zhu
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
T. McKechnie
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
M. Nguyen
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
T. McKechnie
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
L. Qu
Western University, London, Ont.
J. Zuckerman
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
A. Kammili
From the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
J. Zuckerman
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
K. D’Souza
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
L. Glass
Western University, London, Ont.
L. Kerr
From the Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, Ont.
W. He
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
L. Lee
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
S. Balvardi
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
S. Balvardi
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
A. Miles
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
A. Fecso
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
D. Skubleny
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
U. Do
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
P.E. Serrano Aybar
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
C. Kruse
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
H. Forbes
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
V. Pravong
University of Montreal, Montreal, Que.
R. Selvam
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
R. Liu
Western University, London, Ont.
E. Walser
From Western University, London, Ont.
A. Lee
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
K. Ren
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
H. Muaddi
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
J. Frigault
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.
J. Frigault
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.
A. Rosenzveig
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
G. Skelhorne-Gross
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
K. Singh
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
A. Mierzwa
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
R. Wigen
From Western University, London, Ont.
R. Raskin
From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.
C. Dwyer
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
W. Sun
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
R. Liu
From Western University, London, Ont.
E. Schmitz
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
W. Sun
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
E. Schmitz
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
N. Patro
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
H. Wilson
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
C. Li
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
C. Li
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
J. Drung
From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.
G. Pang
From Western University, London, Ont.
K. Guidolin
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
M. Abou Khalil
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
K. Larsen
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
L. Lan
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
R. He
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
G. Akhtar-Danesh
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
G. Akhtar-Danesh
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
D. Hirpara
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
K. Sullivan
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
U. Jogiat
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
Y. Patel
From McMaster University and St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ont.
M. Abbas
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
A. Ednie
Western University, London, Ont.
J. Alaichi
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
S. Turner
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
D. Hirpara
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Y. Lee
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
R. Nayak
Western University, London, Ont.
N. Mistry
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
S. Abdul
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
R. Razzak
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
M. De Meo
Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
A. Kammili
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
L. Esther
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
Y. Lee
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
S. Brophy
From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.
V. Resende
Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.
D. Sisson
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
A. Alghamedi
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
S. Turner
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
Y. Shargall
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
B. Greenberg
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
C. Huynh
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
A. Al Rawahi
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
D. Sisson
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
M. Humer
From the University of British Columbia, Kelowna, B.C.
S. Abdul
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
D. Le Nguyen
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
Y. Patel
From McMaster University and St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ont.
M. Kaafarani
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
N. Hunka
From the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.
I. Churchill
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
C. Finley
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
D. Jones
From The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.
V. Gupta
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
L. Qu
From Western University, London, Ont.
E. Peters
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
V. Gupta
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
M. Robinson
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
H. Wang
From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.
K. Graham
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
A. Bruinooge
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
K. Verhoeff
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
G. Johnson
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
G. Johnson
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
G. Johnson
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
A. Azin
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
C. Cahill
University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
T. McKechnie
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
T. McKechnie
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
R. Hajjar
Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, Que.
K. Purich
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
R. Garfinkle
Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Que.
R. Garfinkle
Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Que.
G. Talwar
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
H. AlSulaim
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
T. McKechnie
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
V. Brissette
Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Que.
R. Selvam
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
J. Holland
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
J. Holland
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
C. Brown
From St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, B.C.
M. Li
University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
O. Monton
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
O. AlAamer
From King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
R. Ruxton
From Southland Hospital, Invercargill, New Zealand.
M.K. Motamedi
Providence Health Care, Vancouver, B.C.
N. Caminsky
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
Z. Bayat
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
J. Liang
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
H. Roy
University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask.
J. Moon
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
J. Moon
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
E. Salama
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
V. Wiseman
From Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.
Z. Harra
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
M. Hegagi
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
N. Alghaithi
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
E. Papillon
From Laval University, Québec, Que.
N. Kasteel
University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
R. Szwimer
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
A. Azin
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
S. Merchant
Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.
V. Li
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
M. Jacobson
From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
W. Marini
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
A. DiPasquale
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
N. Gagnon
Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.
S. Mysuria
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
A. Hunter-Smith
University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
A. Alqaydi
From Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.
V. Pravong
University of Montreal, Montreal, Que.
É. Di Lena
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
É. Di Lena
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
S. Mysuria
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
H. Kapur
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
L. Cadili
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
D. Ng
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
K. Allen
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
D. Cyr
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
A. Allard-Coutu
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
C. Mardinger
From the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
D. Nguyen
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
S. Langer
University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
D. Lim
Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
D. Lim
Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
M. Parapini
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
K. Verhoeff
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
T. Lenet
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
F. Reyna-Sepulveda
From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.
N. Hanna
Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.
J. Zuckerman
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
J. Zuckerman
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
D. Henault
From the University of Montreal, Montreal, Que.
M. Lemke
From Western University, London, Ont.
M. Lund
From the University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.
L. Park
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
J. Glinka
From the Western University, London, Ont.
E. Waugh
From Western University, London, Ont.
E. Waugh
From Western University, London, Ont.
J. Glinka
From Western University, London, Ont.
A. Webb
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
Y. Essaji
From Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Wash.
H. Shrader
From the University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
V. Smith
From Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S.
R. Gilbert
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
Z. Mir
From Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.
Z. Mir
From Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.
S. Elbekri
University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que.
N. Zuker
From SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, N.Y.
G. Chartrand
From the University of Montreal, Montreal, Que.
J. Frigault
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.
M. Melland-Smith
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
C. McLean
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
M. Fortin
Centre hospitalier affilié universitaire régional de Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Que.
S. Keshavjee
Columbia University, New York, N.Y.
Y. Lee
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
W. He
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
F. Deaninck
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
Z. Cloutier
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
J. Shiroky
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
A. Mierzwa
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
A. Jarrar
The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.
W. Lin
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
M. Connell
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
A. Vergis
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
B. Unger
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
J. Park
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
L. Gillman
From the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
D. Pace
From Memorial University, St. John’s, Nfld.
K. Lam-Tin-Cheung
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
S. Chadi
University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
F. Quereshy
University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
J. Catton
University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
B. Rubin
University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
J. Bell
University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
J. Marangos
University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
A. Heesters
University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
T. Stuart-McEwan
University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
F. Quereshy
University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
F. Wright
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
N. Ahmed
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
A. Nadler
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
J. Hallet
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
L. Chen
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
H. Hwang
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
D. Hirpara
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
R. Sidhu
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
T. Scott
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
A. Karimuddin
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
A. Nguyen
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
J. Osborn
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
S. Wiseman
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
K. Nabata
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
H. Hwang
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
L. Baker
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
L. Park
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
M. Vered
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
A. Zahrai
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
R. Shorr
The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.
A. Davis
The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.
D. McIsaac
The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.
A. Tinmouth
The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.
D. Fergusson
Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.
G. Martel
The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont.
S. Rummel
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
M. Stefic-Cubic
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
A. Karimuddin
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
M. Stewart
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
A. Melck
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
T. Anpalagan
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
S. Ichhpuniani
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
Y. Lee
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
K. Ramji
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
C. Eskicioglu
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
S. Deng
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
B. Greene
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
M. Tsang
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
V. Palter
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
S. Jayaraman
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
A. Mann
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
J. Tittley
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
M. Cadeddu
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
A. Madani
University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
J. Pasternak
University Health Network, Toronto, Ont.
K. Ramji
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
D. Hong
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
A. Istl
Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Md.
E. Tang
Western University, London, Ont.
D. Gray
Western University, London, Ont.
N. Coburn
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
J. Callum
Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont.
R. McLeod
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
E. Pearsall
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Y. Lin
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
A. Turgeon
Université Laval, Québec, Que.
G. Martel
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
J. Hallet
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
A. Mahar
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
P. Kriviraltcheva-Kaneva
From the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
L. Lee
From the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
J. Cools-Lartigue
From the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
L. Ferri
From the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
C. Mueller
From the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
B. Haas
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
B. Tillman
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
M. Guttman
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
T. Chesney
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
V. Zuk
Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ont.
A. Mahar
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.
A. Hsu
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
W. Chan
ICES, Toronto, Ont.
R. Vasdev
Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ont.
N. Coburn
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
J. Hallet
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
C. Huynh
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
L. Cadili J. Ling
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
R. Warburton
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
H. Hwang
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
M. Hameed
From the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
H. Williamson
Western University, London, Ont.
P. Murphy
Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis.
E. Tang
Western University, London, Ont.
K. Leslie
Western University
J. Hawel
Western University, London, Ont.
S. Zablotny
From the Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, Ont.
H. Roldan
From the Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, Ont.
X. Jiang
Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Nfld.
B. Zheng
University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
J. Fiore Jr.
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
L. Feldman
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
G. Fried
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
C. Mueller
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
S. Valanci
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
J. Cipolla
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
P. Kaneva
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
S. Demyttenaere
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
M. Boutros
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
L. Lee
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
L. Feldman
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
J. Fiore
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
M. Alhashemi
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
J. Cipolla
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
L. Lee
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
J. Fiore Jr.
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
L. Feldman
From McGill University, Montreal, Que.
K. Purich
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
K. Verhoeff
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
J. Shapiro
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
D. Bigam
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
J. Kung
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
T. Chesney
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
J. Mosko
From the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
P. Hamilton
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
S. Ghosh
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
S. Widder
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
D. Schiller
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
C. El Kefraoui
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
M. Pook
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
N. Barone
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
S. Balvardi
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
H. Montgomery
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
P. Nguyen-Powanda
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
F. Rajabiyazdi
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
H. Elhaj
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
M. Lapointe-Gagner
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
G. Olleik
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
P. Kaneva
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
A. Antoun
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
N. Safa
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
E. Di Lena
McGill University, Montreal, Que.
S. Meterissian
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
A. Meguerditchian
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
G. Fried
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
M. Alhashemi
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
F. Lee
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
G. Baldini
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
L. Feldman
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
J. Fiore Jr.
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Que.
S. Parpia
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
L. Ruo
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
K. Tywonek
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
S. Lee
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
C. O’Neill
Western University, London, Ont.
N. Faisal
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
A. Alfayyadh
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
M. Gundayao
McMaster University
B.M. Meyers
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
R. Habashi
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
T. McKechnie
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
M. Levin
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
K. Aldrich
Center for Medical Interoperability, Nashville, Tenn.
T. Grantcharov
Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ont.
A. Langerman
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn.
R. Anantha
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
V. Fawcett
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
A. Hetherington
From the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
M. Gervais
Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Que.
G. Rakovich
Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Que.
R. Hu
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
R. Musselman
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
I. Raiche
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
H. Moloo
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
A. Elnahas
Western University, Canadian Surgical Technologies & Advanced Robotics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.
N. Alkhamesi
Western University, Canadian Surgical Technologies & Advanced Robotics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont
J. Hawel
Western University, Canadian Surgical Technologies & Advanced Robotics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.
E. Tang
Western University, Canadian Surgical Technologies & Advanced Robotics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.
A. Alnumay
Western University, Canadian Surgical Technologies & Advanced Robotics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.
C. Schlachta
Western University, Canadian Surgical Technologies & Advanced Robotics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ont.
C. Zhang
From Western University, London, Ont.
S. Cristancho
From Western University, London, Ont.
M. Ott
From Western University, London, Ont.
B. Niu
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
F. Balaa
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
N. Gawad
From the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
Y. Qiu
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
K. Hamann
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
N. How
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
C. Leveille
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
A. Davidson
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
A. Eqbal
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
Y. Sardiwalla
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
M. Korostensky
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
T. McKechnie
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
E. Lee
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
I. Yang
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
K. Ren
From McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
T. Stukel
ICES, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
C. de Mestral
St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
A. Nathens
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
P. Karanicolas
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
S. Lemieux
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.
D. Breton
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.
P. Bouchard
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.
A. Bouchard
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.
R. Grégoire
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.
F. Letarte
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.
G. Bouchard
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.
S. Drolet
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.
S. Avoine
From the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec – Université Laval, Québec, Que.