Demographic characteristics of the 52 patients who underwent minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting
| Characteristic | Mean no. (and %)* |
|---|---|
| Age, mean (and SD) yr | 57.3 (12.3) |
| Male sex | 39 (75) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6 (12) |
| Hypertension | 14 (27) |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 35 (67) |
| Smoker | 16 (31) |
| CCS class III/IV symptoms | 32 (62) |
↵* Unless indicated otherwise.
CCS = Canadian Cardiovascular Society, SD = standard deviation.