Risk of bias assessment
| Study | Concealment of allocation | Adequate sequence generation | Blinding of outcome assessors | Incomplete outcome data addressed | Free of selective reporting | Free of other bias | Overall risk of bias in study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alphonso et al. (13) | Yes | Yes | Unclear | No | Unclear | Yes | High |
| Ayed (14) | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear |
| Brunelli et al. (15) | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear |
| Cerfolio et al. (1) | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Yes | Unclear |
| Daneshvar et al. (16) | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Yes | Unclear |
| Marshall et al. (2) | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Yes | Unclear |
| Prokakis et al. (17) | Unclear | Yes | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear |
κ = 0.70.