Baseline characteristics of study participants
| Characteristic | Group; mean ± SD or % | p value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RYGB n = 51 | LSG n = 51 | LAGB n = 48 | ||
| Age, yr | 41.9 ± 8.4 | 45.4 ± 9.6 | 43.1 ± 10.3 | 0.17 |
| Weight, kg | 137.6 ± 24.5 | 129.1 ± 25.2 | 116.2 ± 21.6 | < 0.001 |
| Body mass index | 48.8 ± 6.9 | 46.5 ± 7.4 | 43.2 ± 6.8 | < 0.001 |
| Female sex | 80.4 | 88.2 | 93.8 | 0.13 |
| White race | 100 | 90.2 | 91.7 | 0.08 |
| Married/common-law | 52.9 | 68.6 | 64.6 | 0.22 |
| Household annual income, $CAD | ||||
| < 15 000 | 5.9 | 3.9 | 6.3 | |
| 15 000–30 000 | 7.8 | 0 | 8.3 | |
| 30 000–50 000 | 21.6 | 3.9 | 14.6 | |
| 50 000–80 000 | 21.6 | 27.5 | 29.2 | |
| > 80 000 | 37.3 | 52.9 | 35.4 | 0.10 |
| Education | ||||
| Some high school | 7.8 | 5.8 | 4.2 | |
| High school diploma | 19.6 | 0 | 22.9 | |
| Some postsecondary | 17.7 | 27.5 | 16.7 | |
| Completed postsecondary | 54.9 | 66.7 | 56.3 | 0.05 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Current smoker | 45.1 | 45.1 | 56.3 | |
| Former smoker | 51 | 54.9 | 43.8 | |
| Never smoked | 3.9 | 0 | 0 | 0.25 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| Diabetes | 45.1 | 39.2 | 50.0 | 0.55 |
| Hypertension | 64.7 | 67.8 | 56.3 | 0.66 |
| Dyslipidemia | 62.8 | 58.8 | 58.3 | 0.88 |
| Clinical parameters | ||||
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 122 ± 10 | 125 ± 15 | 122 ± 10 | 0.24 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 74 ± 8 | 76 ± 11 | 72 ± 10 | 0.18 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.2 ± 0.9 | 4.4 ± 0.9 | 4.6 ± 0.9 | 0.14 |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 0.87 |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 2.5 ± 0.7 | 2.7 ± 0.7 | 0.23 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 0.69 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.8 ± 0.5 | 5.8 ± 0.7 | 6.1 ± 1.0 | 0.2 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.5 ± 0.9 | 5.7 ± 1.6 | 6.0 ± 1.6 | 0.3 |
| HOMA-IR | 4.8 ± 3.4 | 4.7 ± 4.2 | 5.4 ± 5.1 | 0.7 |
| CRP, mg/L | 8.7 ± 6.7 | 10.2 ± 6.9 | 9.9 ± 7.9 | 0.6 |
BP = blood pressure; CRP = C-reactive protein; HbA1c = glycated hemoglobin A1c; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR = (fasting glucose mmol/L × fasting insulin mU/L)/22.5; LAGB = laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; LSG = laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy; RYGB = laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric by-pass; SD = standard deviation.
↵* Using 1-way analysis of variance.