Table 3

Additional analysis (PASS 1): training and validation, final models

VariableOR (95% CI)p value
Training data set*
 Age1.05 (1.02–1.09)0.004
 PASS 10.28 (0.12–0.66)0.004
 SF-12 PCS0.95 (0.91–0.98)0.003
 Willingness4.60 (1.70–12.50)0.003
 Tried injections1.64 (0.84–3.20)0.15
Validation data set
 Age1.02 (0.99–1.06)0.20
 BMI1.06 (1.00–1.11)0.035
 Bilateral/unilateral symptoms0.49 (0.25–0.95)0.034
 PASS 10.22 (0.10–0.48)< 0.001
 Willingness11.51 (3.57–37.07)< 0.001
 Tried injections1.67 (0.86–3.22)0.13
 Allied health0.38 (0.12–1.22)0.10
  • BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; SF-12 PCS = Short-Form 12-item survey Physical Composite Scale.

  • * −2Logl = 218.833; Hosmer–Lemeshow χ28df = 7.30, p = 0.51. Final training model following 5 deletions.

  • −2Logl = 215.370; Hosmer–Lemeshow χ28df = 1.04, p = 0.99. Final validation model following 3 deletions.