Outcomes
| Outcome | Group; no. (%) of patients* | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Preoperative radiotherapy | No preoperative radiotherapy | ||
| CRM distance reported on pathologic report | 69 (91) | 72 (94) | 0.5 |
| CRM distance ≤ 1 mm | 12 (17) n = 69 | 1 (1) n = 72 | |
| CRM not measured but reported as positive | 4 (57) n = 7 | 0 (0) n = 5 | |
| Positive CRM | 16 (22) n = 73 | 1 (1) n = 72 | < 0.001 |
| Stage I | 1 (6) | 0 (0) | |
| Stage II | 3 (19) | 0 (0) | |
| Stage III | 6 (38) | 1 (100) | |
| Stage IV | 6 (38) | 0 (0) | |
| Local recurrence† | 5 (7) | 2 (3) | 0.2 |
| Stage I | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Stage II | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | |
| Stage III | 2 (40) | 2 (100) | |
| Stage IV | 2 (40) | 0 (0) | |
| Permanent colostomy at surgery | 34 (45) | 7 (9) | < 0.001 |
| Anastomotic leak | 8 (10) | 8 (10) | > 0.99 |
| Wound infection | 4 (5) | 5 (6) | 0.7 |
| Length of stay, d, median | 7 | 8 | > 0.99 |