Summary of patient characteristics and operative timing
| Characteristic | No. (%) of patients* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall n = 1505 | Site 1† (ACS, day OR) n = 548 | Site 2‡ (ACS, no day OR) n = 593 | Site 3§ (No ACS, no day OR) n = 364 | |
| Age, yr, mean ± SD | 51.9 ± 19.35 | 54.1 ± 19.28 | 50.3 ± 19.70 | 51.3 ± 18.68 |
| Female sex | 819 (54.4) | 303 (55.3) | 332 (56.0) | 184 (50.6) |
| Disease type | ||||
| Cholecystitis | 364 (24.4) | 132 (24.5) | 148 (25.0) | 84 (23.3) |
| Choledocholithiasis | 63 (4.2) | 19 (3.5) | 34 (5.8) | 10 (2.8) |
| Appendiceal disease | 355 (23.6) | 107 (19.5) | 152 (25.6) | 96 (26.4) |
| Large bowel disease | 189 (12.6) | 80 (14.6) | 68 (11.5) | 41 (11.3) |
| Small bowel disease | 164 (10.9) | 79 (14.4) | 54 (9.1) | 31 (8.5) |
| Hernia | 129 (8.6) | 38 (6.9) | 60 (10.1) | 31 (8.5) |
| Perianal disease | 87 (5.8) | 42 (7.7) | 15 (2.5) | 30 (8.2) |
| Gastric disease | 46 (3.1) | 12 (2.2) | 25 (4.2) | 9 (2.5) |
| Breast disease | 12 (0.8) | 2 (0.4) | 3 (0.5) | 7 (1.9) |
| Hepatopancreatobiliary disease | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Other | 80 (5.3) | 27 (4.9) | 32 (5.4) | 21 (5.8) |
| Time to operation | ||||
| < 24 h | 761 (52.3) | 297 (54.3) | 248 (44.4) | 216 (61.5) |
| 24–72 h | 487 (33.4) | 174 (31.8) | 225 (40.3) | 88 (25.1) |
| 72–120 h | 208 (14.3) | 76 (13.9) | 85 (15.2) | 47 (13.4) |
| Time of operation | ||||
| Daytime | 586 (39.0) | 254 (46.5) | 168 (28.3) | 164 (45.2) |
| After hours | 695 (46.3) | 209 (38.3) | 328 (55.3) | 158 (43.5) |
| Overnight | 221 (14.7) | 83 (15.2) | 97 (16.4) | 41 (11.3) |
| Adverse outcomes | ||||
| Complications | 310 (20.6) | 109 (19.9) | 118 (19.9) | 83 (22.8) |
| In-hospital mortality | 57 (3.8) | 25 (4.6) | 13 (2.2) | 19 (5.2) |
ACS = acute care surgery; OR = operating room; SD = standard deviation.
↵* Unless indicated otherwise.
↵† ACS initiated in 2011. Surgical specialties: oncology, hepatobiliary, colorectal, urology, arthroplasty, plastic.
↵‡ ACS initiated in 2013. Surgical specialties: bariatric, thoracic, otolaryngology, obstetrics, urology.
↵§ No ACS. Surgical specialties: trauma, cardiac, neurosurgery, spine, vascular, orthopedics, plastics/burns.