Incidence of Overt and Occult Pneumothorax (OP) in Trauma Patients
| Series | Type of CT scanning | Study population | Injury Severity Score | Patients screened for pneumothorax by CXR or CT | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total no. | Peumothorax detected, no. (and %) out of total screened | OP detected, no. (and % ) out of total screened by CT*† | OP detected, no. (and %) out of pneumothoraces detected*‡ | ||||
| Wall et al, 1983 (12) | Abdominal | All trauma with ACT | Not stated | 500 | 35 (7) | 10 (2) | 10 (29) |
| Tocino et al, 1984 (13) | Abdominal | Head trauma | Not stated | 25 | 15 (60) | 9 (36) | 11/21 (52%) |
| Rhea et al, 1989 (18) | Abdominal | All trauma with ACT | Not stated | 174 | 15 (8.6) | 8 (4.6) | 8 (53) |
| Garramone et al, 1991 (19) | Abdominal | All trauma with ACT | 27 | 457 | Not stated | 26 (5.7) | — |
| Bridges et al, 1993 (20) | Abdominal and chest | All trauma with CT | Not stated | Not stated | 90 | Not stated | 35 (39) |
| Trupka et al, 1997 (5) | Chest | High-risk trauma | 30 | 103 | 38 (37) | Not stated | 27 (71) |
| Wolfman et al, 1998 (21) | Abdominal | All trauma with ACT | Not stated | 664 | 70 (10.5) | 36 (5.4) | 36 (51) |
| Brasel et al, 1999 (15) | Abdominal | All trauma with ACT | Not stated | 1669 | Not stated | 86 (5.2) | — |
| Hill et al, 1999 (22) | Abdominal | All trauma with ACT | 22 | 3121 | 172 (5.5) | 67/842 (8.0) | 67 (39) |
| Neff et al, 2000 (8) | Abdominal | All trauma with ACT | 24 | 2312 | 312 (13.5) | 126 (5.4) | 126/230 (55) |
| Voggenreiter et al, 2000 (23) | Chest | Intubated adult multitrauma | Not stated | 39 | 25 (64) | 18 (46) | 18 (72) |
| Guerrero-Lopez et al, 2000 (24) | Chest | Level 1 ICU patients | 30 | 104 | 67 (64) | Not stated | 40 (60) |
| Omert et al, 2001 (25) | Chest | Level 1 trauma with normal CXR | 14 | 169 | Not stated | 20 (12) | — |
| Holmes et al, 2001 (26) | Abdominal | Children with ACT | 10§ | 538 | 20 (3.7) | 11 (2) | 11 (55) |
| Rowan et al, 2002 (27) | Chest | Trauma with TCT | Not stated | 27 | 11 (41) | 7 (26) | 7 (64) |
↵* Unless indicated otherwise.
↵† Proportion of patients with at least 1 OP in the population screened with CT.
↵‡ Proportion of OPs to the total of pneumothoraces detected
↵§ Pediatric Trauma Score
CT = computed tomography, CXR = chest radiography, ACT = abdominal computed tomography, TCT = thoracic computed tomography.