Baseline characteristics of older (age ≥ 65 yr) acute care surgical patients according to delirium status
| Characteristic | No delirium, no. (%) of patients* n = 249 | Delirium, no. (%) of patients* n = 73 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| All episodes | Longer episodes† n = 49 | ||
| Age, yr, mean ± SD | 75.7 ± 7.7 | 77.5 ± 7.4 | 77.8 ± 7.6 |
| Female sex | 113 (45.4) | 33 (45.2) | 24 (49.0) |
| White | 176 (70.7) | 62 (84.9) | 38 (77.6) |
| Body mass index, mean ± SD | 27.3 ± 6.0 | 26.4 ± 6.4 | 26.2 ± 7.0 |
| Smoker | 29 (11.6) | 11 (15.1) | 8 (16.3) |
| Living situation | |||
| Home without support | 189 (75.9) | 43 (58.9)‡ | 28 (57.1)‡ |
| Home with informal caregiver | 48 (19.3) | 23 (31.5)‡ | 15 (30.6)‡ |
| Supportive living/long-term care | 11 (4.4) | 6 (8.2)‡ | 5 (10.2)‡ |
| Missing | 1 (0.4) | 1 (1.4)‡ | 1 (2.0)‡ |
| Clinical Frailty Scale | |||
| Very fit/well | 63 (25.3) | 9 (12.3)‡ | 3 (6.1)‡ |
| Managing well/vulnerable | 141 (56.6) | 31 (42.5)‡ | 24 (49.0)‡ |
| Mildly or moderately frail | 45 (18.1) | 33 (45.2)‡ | 22 (44.9)‡ |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index score, median (interquartile range) | 0 (0–2) | 1 (0–3)‡ | 1 (1–2)‡ |
| Past medical history | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 65 (26.1) | 28 (38.4)‡ | 19 (38.8)‡ |
| Diabetes | 50 (20.0) | 14 (19.2) | 12 (24.5) |
| Dyslipidemia | 57 (22.9) | 27 (37.0)‡ | 17 (34.7)‡ |
| Cognitive decline | 4 (1.6) | 6 (8.2)‡ | 4 (8.2)‡ |
| Sensory impairment | 9 (3.6) | 7 (9.6)‡ | 5 (10.2)‡ |
| Respiratory problem | 56 (22.5) | 25 (34.2)‡ | 15 (30.6)‡ |
| American Society of Anesthesiologists classification score, mean ± SD | 2.6 ± 0.74 | 3.1 ± 0.78‡ | 3.1 ± 0.73 |
| Total no. of medications, mean ± SD | 4.57 ± 3.44 | 5.85 ± 3.80‡ | 5.73 ± 3.93‡ |
| Surgery area | |||
| Intestinal | 94 (37.8) | 48 (5.8.)‡ | 33 (67.3)‡ |
| Appendix | 29 (11.6) | 6 (8.2)‡ | 3 (6.1)‡ |
| Gallbladder | 63 (25.3) | 12 (16.4)‡ | 8 (16.3)‡ |
| Hernia repair | 40 (16.1) | 3 (4.1)‡ | 2 (4.1)‡ |
| Other | 23 (9.2) | 4 (5.5)‡ | 3 (6.1)‡ |
| Time in operating room, min, mean ± SD | 106 ± 55 | 127 ± 61‡ | 126 ± 65‡ |
| Intensive care unit admission | 21 (8.4) | 22 (30.1)‡ | 14 (28.6)‡ |
| Foley catheter use | 153 (61.4) | 64 (87.7)‡ | 44 (89.8)‡ |
| Length of stay, d, median (interquartile range) | 7 (4–11) | 16 (9–29)‡ | 16 (10–29)‡ |