Postoperative complications, by Clavien–Dindo classification
| Group; no. (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complications | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3a | Total |
| Wound infection | 6 | 1 | 7 (18) | |
| Bile leak | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 (13) |
| Gastroparesis/ileus | 2 | 2 | 4 (10) | |
| Pleural effusion | 2 | 1 | 3 (8) | |
| Clostridium difficile colitis | 2 | 2 (5) | ||
| Pneumonia | 2 | 2 (5) | ||
| Residual abscess | 1 | 1 (3) | ||
| Pulmonary edema | 1 | 1 (3) | ||
| Urinary tract infection | 1 | 1 (3) | ||
| Vocal cord trauma | 1 | 1 (3) | ||
| Delirium | 1 | 1 (3) | ||
| Pancreatitis | 1 | 1 (3) | ||
| Total, % of complications | 11 (38) | 11 (38) | 7 (24) | 29 |