Outcomes of infants with very low birth weight who received or did not receive probiotics to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis
| Characteristic | Group; median [IQR] or no. (%) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No probiotics (n = 355) | Probiotics (n = 310) | ||
| Severe NEC | 14 (4) | 17 (5) | 0.35 |
| NEC by modified Bell stage | 0.10 | ||
| NEC stage IA or IB | 70 (83) | 58 (77) | |
| NEC stage IIA or IIB | 2 (2) | 7 (9) | |
| NEC stage IIIA or IIIB | 12 (14) | 10 (13) | |
| Mortality | 25 (7) | 33 (11) | 0.10 |
| Any infection | 111 (34) | 83 (27) | 0.046 |
| Blood stream infection | 59 (18) | 43 (14) | 0.15 |
| Respiratory infection | 36 (11) | 31 (10) | 0.67 |
| Urinary tract infection | 50 (16) | 14 (5) | < 0.001 |
| Length of stay, d | 58 [20–98] | 52.5 [22–92.25] | 0.42 |
IQR = interquartile range; NEC = necrotizing enterocolitis.