Clavien–Dindo grade III–V postoperative complications in patients undergoing PEH repair, by procedure type
| Procedure type | 60–69 yr, no. (%) | ≥ 70 yr, no. (%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Laparoscopic | |||
| Overall | 2/51 (4) | 10/68 (15) | 0.05 |
| Elective | 2/51 (4) | 7/63 (11) | 0.16 |
| Emergent | 0 | 3/5 (60) | N/A |
| Open | |||
| Overall | 1/9 (11) | 11/40 (27) | 0.30 |
| Elective | 1/6 (17) | 3/19 (16) | 0.96 |
| Emergent | 0 | 8/21 (39) | N/A |
| Overall | |||
| Overall | 3/60 (5) | 21/108 (19) | 0.010 |
| Elective | 3/57 (5) | 10/82 (12) | 0.17 |
| Emergent | 0 | 11/26 (42) | N/A |
N/A = not applicable; PEH = paraesophageal hernia.