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Early Platelet Transfusion Improves Platelet Activity and May Improve Outcomes After Intracerebral Hemorrhage

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Abstract

Background

In patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), reduced platelet activity on admission predicts hemorrhage growth and poor outcomes. We tested the hypotheses that platelet transfusion improves measured platelet activity. Further, we hypothesized that earlier treatment in patients at high risk for hemorrhage growth and poor outcome would reduce follow-up hemorrhage size and poor clinical outcomes.

Methods

We prospectively identified consecutive patients with ICH who had reduced platelet activity on admission and received a platelet transfusion. We defined high-risk patients as per a previous publication, reduced platelet activity, or known anti-platelet therapy (APT) and the diagnostic CT within 12 h of symptom onset. Platelet activity was measured with the VerifyNow-ASA (Accumetrics, CA), ICH volumes on CT with computerized quantitative techniques, and functional outcomes with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months.

Results

Forty-five patients received a platelet transfusion with an increase in platelet activity from 472 ± 50 (consistent with an aspirin effect) to 561 ± 92 aspirin reaction units (consistent with no aspirin effect, P < 0.001). For high-risk patients, platelet transfusion within 12 h of symptom onset, as opposed to >12 h, was associated with smaller follow-up hemorrhage size (8.4 [3–17.4] vs. 13.8 [12.3–62.5] ml, P = 0.04) and increased odds of independence (mRS < 4) at 3 months (11 of 20 vs. 0 of 7, P = 0.01). There were similar results for patients with known APT.

Conclusions

In patients at high risk for hemorrhage growth and poor outcome, early platelet transfusion improved platelet activity assay results and was associated with smaller final hemorrhage size and more independence at 3 months.

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Acknowledgments

Northwestern University has applied for a use patent on desmopressin for the treatment of ICH based on peer-reviewed manuscripts by AMN; it is unclear if this has any financial value. The Office of Research at Northwestern University has determined that this does not pose a financial conflict of interest.

Conflict of interest

Andrew M. Naidech has received unrelated research support from Gaymar, Inc and Astellas Pharma US, and the Northwestern Memorial Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine, 710 N Lake Shore Drive 11th Floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA

    Andrew M. Naidech, Storm M. Liebling, Neil F. Rosenberg, Paul F. Lindholm, Richard A. Bernstein, H. Hunt Batjer, Mark J. Alberts & Hau C. Kwaan

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  1. Andrew M. Naidech
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  2. Storm M. Liebling
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  3. Neil F. Rosenberg
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  8. Hau C. Kwaan
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Correspondence to Andrew M. Naidech.

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Naidech, A.M., Liebling, S.M., Rosenberg, N.F. et al. Early Platelet Transfusion Improves Platelet Activity and May Improve Outcomes After Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 16, 82–87 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-011-9619-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-011-9619-3

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