In the recent 20 years liver resection has become a routine operation with reasonably low risk. Experienced hepatobiliary centers have reported low mortality rates (0%-5%) even in series with high-risk resection (extended right or left resection). Acute kidney failure correlates well with mortality. In our series, more than 70% of patients with kidney failure, who require dialysis died. Acute renal failure develops if patients are kept hypovolemic or the patient suffers from postresectional liver failure. Herein we discuss how kidney failure following liver resection can be avoided.