Oncologic safety of nipple skin-sparing or total skin-sparing mastectomies with immediate reconstruction

J Am Coll Surg. 2011 Apr;212(4):686-93; discussion 693-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2010.12.039.

Abstract

Background: Success with skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) has led to the reconsideration of the necessity to remove the skin overlying the nipple-areola complex. The aim of our study was to compare complications and local recurrence in patients undergoing SSM and total skin-sparing mastectomy (TSSM) with immediate reconstruction.

Methods: This IRB-approved retrospective study involved patients who underwent mastectomy with reconstruction (1998 to 2010). Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, type of surgery, cosmesis, postoperative complications, and recurrence were analyzed.

Results: The 293 patients in our study group had a total of 508 procedures: 281 TSSMs and 227 SSMs, distributed among 215 patients with bilateral procedures and 78 with unilateral operations. Mean age was 51.2 ± 10.9 years for TSSM and 53.1 ± 11.5 years for SSM. The average tumor size was 1.9 ± 1.6 cm for TSSM versus 2.1 ± 1.7 cm for the SSM group. The overall complication rate (TSSM 7.1% [20 of 281] and SSM 6.2% [14 of 227], p = 0.67) and local-regional recurrence rate (TSSM 6% [7 of 152] and SSM 5.0% [7 of 141], p = 0.89) were comparable. The TSSM rating was significantly higher (score 9.2 ± 1.1) than the SSM group (score 8.3 ± 1.9, p = 0.04).

Conclusion: TSSM appears to be oncologically safe with superior cosmesis, affords one-step immediate reconstruction, and can be offered to patients with stages I and II breast cancer and those who have been down-staged with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Breast Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Cicatrix / epidemiology
  • Cicatrix / pathology
  • Cicatrix / prevention & control
  • Cohort Studies
  • Dermatologic Surgical Procedures*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Mammaplasty*
  • Mastectomy / adverse effects
  • Mastectomy / methods*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Nipples*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome