Acute cholecystitis in high surgical risk patients: percutaneous cholecystostomy or emergency cholecystectomy?

Am J Surg. 2012 Jul;204(1):54-9. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2011.05.013. Epub 2011 Oct 13.

Abstract

Background: Percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) is an alternative treatment in acute cholecystitis (AC) in high-risk or elderly patients although its advantage over emergency cholecystectomy has not yet been established.

Study design: AC prospective database analysis in high-risk patients treated by PC (group 1, 29 patients) or emergency cholecystectomy (group 2, 32 patients). Surgical risk was estimated by physiological POSSUM, Charlson, Apache II, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores.

Results: The groups showed homogeneity concerning age and surgical risk. PC allowed AC resolution in 19 patients (70.4%), but 8 (29.6%) needed emergency cholecystectomy. Morbidity and mortality rates were 31% and 17.2%, respectively. Mortality was significantly associated with ASA IV (P = .01). In group 2, the morbidity rate was 28.1% without mortality. There was no statistical difference in morbidity (P = .6) although mortality was significantly higher in group 1 (P = .02).

Conclusions: PC seems of little benefit and ought to be left for those very old patients with surgical contraindication.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cholecystectomy* / adverse effects
  • Cholecystectomy* / mortality
  • Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / adverse effects
  • Cholecystitis, Acute / surgery*
  • Cholecystostomy* / adverse effects
  • Cholecystostomy* / methods
  • Cholecystostomy* / mortality
  • Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic
  • Databases, Factual
  • Emergencies
  • Emergency Treatment / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Patient Selection*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Research Design
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Treatment Failure
  • Treatment Outcome