Traditionally, surgeons have been trained and evaluated on the basis of their performance
of surgical procedures in live patients. This article in the Medical Education series explores …

The study of expertise in medical education has tended to follow a tradition of trying to describe
the analytic processes and/or nonanalytic resources that experts acquire with experience…

The pedagogical approach to surgical training has changed significantly over the past few
decades. No longer are surgical skills solely acquired through a traditional apprenticeship …

… The examiners were required for 3 h per administration of the examination, which included …
Total animal anaesthetic time for a 2.5-h examination was 3.0-35 h, allowing time for induction…

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess whether any method of hemorrhoid
therapy has been shown to be superior in randomized, controlled trials. METHOD: A meta-…

… The effects of training on lactate turnover at increasing work rates were investigated 48 h
after the subjects had last exercised and 12-14 h after they had last eaten. To minimize any …

BACKGROUND: A new approach to testing operative technical skills, the Objective Structured
Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS), formally assesses discrete segments of surgical …

PURPOSE: Trials comparing handsewn with stapled anastomoses in colon and rectal
surgery have not found statistical differences. Despite this, authors have differed in their …

PURPOSE: To compare the psychometric properties of checklists, global rating scales
preceded by a checklist, and global rating scales alone in assessing surgery residents' …

Objective: Surgical skills laboratories have become an important venue for early skill acquisition.
The principles that govern training in this novel educational environment remain largely …