Objectives/Hypothesis Current three‐dimensional (3D) printed simulations are complicated
by insufficient void spaces and inconsistent density. We describe a novel simulation with …

Objective To generate a rapid-prototyped temporal bone model from computed tomography
(CT) data with a specific focus on internal anatomic fidelity. Study Design Research ethics …

Background Ultrasound assessment of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) has been
suggested as a non-invasive measure of intracranial pressure. Numerous small studies suggest …

Background Intravenous hypertonic saline is utilized commonly in critical care for treatment
of acute or refractory elevations of intracranial pressure (ICP) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) …

The impact of vasopressor and sedative drugs on cerebrovascular reactivity in traumatic brain
injury (TBI) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of changes …

Intravenous propofol, fentanyl, and midazolam are utilized commonly in critical care for
metabolic suppression and anesthesia. The impact of propofol, fentanyl, and midazolam on …

Background Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement using ultrasound has been
proposed as a rapid, non-invasive, point of care technique to estimate intra-cranial pressure (…

Current accepted cerebrovascular reactivity indices suffer from the need of high frequency
data capture and export for post-acquisition processing. The role for minute-by-minute data in …

BACKGROUND The Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) examination
has become a valuable tool in trauma resuscitation. Despite the widespread use of FAST …

Intravenous norepinephrine (NE) is utilized commonly in critical care for cardiovascular
support. NE’s impact on cerebrovasculature is unclear and may carry important implications …