This report of the proceedings of a symposium presented at the 2004 Research Society on
Alcoholism Meeting provides evidence linking stress during sobriety to craving that increases …

Models of dependence-induced increases in ethanol self-administration will be critical in
increasing our understanding of the processes of addiction and relapse, underlying …

The opioid system is implicated in various aspects of alcoholism. Acute ethanol administration
produces anxiolytic-like effects in rodents while alcohol withdrawal induces anxiogenic-…

Background The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society has set out to improve
patient recovery by developing evidence-based perioperative practices. Many institutions and …

Genome-wide association studies of breast cancer have identified multiple single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with increased breast cancer risks in the …

Understanding the causes of spatial variation in species richness is a major research focus
of biogeography and macroecology. Gridded environmental data and species richness maps …

Background Emerging evidence suggests that the in utero environment is not sterile as
once presumed. Work in the mouse demonstrated transmission of commensal bacteria from …

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), representing a large proportion of non-coding transcripts
across the human genome, are evolutionally conserved and biologically functional. At least …

Mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase signal transduction pathways are evolutionary
conserved protein modules that play a central role in conveying information from the extracellular …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a vascular disease characterized by persistent
precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH), leading to progressive right heart failure and …