Background The hemoglobin threshold at which postoperative red-cell transfusion is
warranted is controversial. We conducted a randomized trial to determine whether a higher …

Background Hip fractures are an increasingly common consequence of falls in older people
that are associated with a high risk of death and reduced function. This review aims to …

Total hip and knee arthroplasties are effective surgical interventions for relieving hip pain
and improving physical function caused by arthritis. Although the majority of patients …

OBJECTIVES: To determine evidence-based best practices for elderly hip fracture patients
from the time of hospital admission to 6 months postfracture. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, …

Objectives To determine the association between time to definitive surgical management
and the rates of nonunion and infection in open fractures resulting from blunt trauma. To …

Background: Pain management is integral to the management of hip fracture. Purpose: To
review the benefits and harms of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions for …

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of a preoperative exercise/education program
on functional recovery, health related quality of life (HRQOL), health service utilization, and …

Background Blood transfusion might affect long-term mortality by changing immune function
and thus potentially increasing the risk of subsequent infections and cancer recurrence. …

Objectives: To evaluate intra-rater and inter-rater reliability and measurement error in
glenohumeral range of motion (ROM) measurements using a standard goniometer. Study design: …

Background and Purpose. The primary purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to
determine which method of mobilization—(1) standardized exercises (SE) and continuous …