Objective: To systematically examine the literature describing the methods by which technical
competence is assessed in surgical trainees. Background: The last decade has witnessed …

Objective: To identify background characteristics and cognitive tests that may predict surgical
trainees’ future technical performance, and therefore be used to supplement existing …

Background Nontechnical skills are critical for patient safety in the operating room (OR). As a
result, regulatory bodies for accreditation and certification have mandated the integration of …

Background It is hypothesized that not all surgical trainees are able to reach technical
competence despite ongoing practice. The objectives of the study were to assess a trainees’ …

Objective: The objectives of this study were to review the coaching literature to (1) characterize
the criteria integral to the coaching process, specifically in surgery, and (2) describe how …

Background First- and second-year medical students have limited exposure to basic surgical
skills. An introductory, comprehensive, simulation-based curriculum in basic laparoscopic …

Background Surgical programs strive to recruit trainees who will graduate as competent
surgeons; however, selection processes vary between institutions. The purpose of the present …

Background Emerging evidence suggests that despite dedicated practice, not all surgical
trainees have the ability to reach technical competency in minimally invasive techniques. While …

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to (1) create a technical and nontechnical
performance standard for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy,(2) assess the classification accuracy …

Galanin peptide has recently been found to be highly abundant in early embryonic mouse
mesenchyme, while galanin and its receptors are expressed in embryonic mouse stem cells. …