Type IV pili are retractable protein fibres used by many bacterial pathogens for adherence,
twitching motility, biofilm development and host colonization. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, …

Background: The visual overlay technique for surgical planning is difficult to apply to spatially
complex fractures. Virtual reality can be applied by virtual fracture carving to adapt the …

Purpose Using a novel technique, we assess and describe the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ)
anatomy. The purpose of this study was to provide the anatomic dimensions of the DRUJ …

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the growing global interest in the role
of augmented and virtual reality in surgical training. While this technology grows at a rapid …

OBJECTIVE The Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MSSIC) is a statewide,
multicenter quality improvement initiative. Using MSSIC data, the authors sought to identify …

Study Design: Systematic review. Objectives: Past research has demonstrated increased
speed and severity of progression for spinal epidural abscesses (SEAs) of the thoracic level, …

Aim: Endoscopic discectomies provide several advantages over other techniques such as
traditional open lumbar discectomy (OLD) including possibly decreased complications, …

Study Design Systematic Review Objectives To conduct a meta-analysis on the survivorship
of commonly performed cervical spine procedures to develop survival function curves for (i) …

Purpose The rotational anatomy of the forearm bones is not well defined. This study aims to
further the understanding of the torsion of the radius and ulna to better guide treatment. …

Background Quality-adjusted-life-years (QALYs) are used to concurrently quantify morbidity
and mortality within a single parameter. For this reason, QALYs can facilitate the discussion …