Background Preoperative radiotherapy (PRT) has become part of standard practice offered
to improve treatment outcomes in patients with rectal cancer. Objectives To determine if PRT …

Background: Potential applications for laparoscopic surgery in pancreatic disease include (1)
staging of pancreatic malignancies; (2) palliation of pancreatic malignancies; (3) …

Objective To critically assess the evidence for long-term survival after hepatic resection and
hepatic cryosurgery for metastatic colorectal cancer. The purpose of this review is to …

Importance Patients with colorectal cancer with liver metastases undergo hepatic resection
with curative intent. Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (…

Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive imaging modality that can
detect malignant lymph nodes. This study determined the sensitivity, specificity, predictive …

The ideal article addressing the question would be one comparing cases of cemented hip
arthroplasty with those not cemented. From your home computer you enter Medline, the …

You are an orthopedic surgeon who has recently joined a group of orthopedic surgeons
practising in an academic centre. You have an interest in injuries about the foot and ankle and …

Your search is designed to include a large number of relevant citations initially, but ultimately
to permit a very focused review of key articles. 7 You search MEDLINE and seek to create …

When recommending the adoption of a new surgical intervention as opposed to maintaining
the old one, surgeons need to consider the opportunity cost, which is the value of the …

Background This systematic review with meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the literature
and to develop recommendations regarding the use of preoperative radiotherapy in the …