Background Researchers and organizations often use evidence from randomized controlled
trials (RCTs) to determine the efficacy of a treatment or intervention under ideal conditions …

Background A systematic review may evaluate different aspects of a health care
intervention. To accommodate the evaluation of various research questions, the inclusion of …

Abstract Effect estimates from randomized trials and observational studies might not be
directly comparable because of differences in study design, other than randomization, and in …

Objective To evaluate the characteristics of therapeutic meta-analyses including both
observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), how these studies were …

Introduction: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard to evaluate the
efficacy of interventions (eg, drugs and vaccines), yet the sample size of RCTs is often …

The randomized controlled trial (RCT) in surgery may not always be ethical, feasible, or
necessary to address a particular research question about the effect of a surgical …

My opinion is that hydroxychloroquine has become the symbol of a struggle between
practising physicians and methodologists [1], and the Western world against the rest of the …

Surgery is a discipline which profoundly affects human integrity. Therefore, there is an
ethical and scientific imperative that surgical practice depends on the best possible trial …

Background To investigate whether patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) enrolled in
randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and real-world studies (RWS) differ in terms of baseline …

The aim of the three-report review is the historical development of clinical trials, controlled
trials (CT) and randomized controlled trials (RCT), and the inclusion of these approaches in …