High-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the highest level of evidence in
assessing the effectiveness of a treatment. It is random allocation that places RCTs in the …

Controlled non-randomized trials (NRS), or cohort studies, are often used to evaluate the
effectiveness of surgical treatments. NRS have limitations which must be considered …

During the 1960s and 1970s, the first randomized controlled trials in surgery were
performed. Prior to this, surgical advances were largely made by physiologic …

Ali et al1 in this issue of Annals of Surgery propose that randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
are the best study design to test the efficacy of a new intervention and that RCTs should …

Designing randomized clinical trials in surgery | British Journal of Surgery | Oxford Academic Skip
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Many randomized trials are designed to evaluate whether the effect of one treatment differs
(to any degree) from that of a comparator treatment; this type of study is known as a …

It is no mystery that, when we as surgeons make clinical decisions, we rely on previous
experience as well as available scientific evidence. Our experience develops from the …

As technology expands and health care resources become more limited, there is increasing
pressure on surgeons to evaluate surgical procedures and technology to ensure they are …

approach to randomization into surgical clinical trials | British Journal of Surgery | Oxford
Academic Skip to Main Content Advertisement intended for healthcare professionals Oxford …

One of the most common challenges of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), both published
and unpublished, is related to problems with recruitment. Investigators' enthusiasm for …