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Original Article

Cervical spine instability in children with Goldenhar’s syndrome

David Healey, Merv Letts and James G. Jarvis
CAN J SURG October 01, 2002 45 (5) 341-344;
David Healey
From the Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
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Merv Letts
From the Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
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James G. Jarvis
From the Division of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
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  • FIG. 1
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    FIG. 1

    Failure of segmentation of the cervical spine in a 5-year-old child (patient 4) demonstrating 5 mm of C1–C2 instability (black arrows). White arrows depict the anterior tip of the atlas, which is subluxated forward.

  • FIG. 2
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    FIG. 2

    Hypoplastic odontoid process in a 15-year-old patient (no. 7).

  • FIG. 3
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    FIG. 3

    Extension (left) and flexion (right) views of the cervical spine of patient 8, lllustrating C1–C2 instability at 3 years of age. Black arrows = platybasia of the occiput, white arrows = anterior subluxated portion of the atlas.

  • FIG. 4
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    FIG. 4

    Cervical occipital fusion for C1–C2 instability and occipitalization of C1 in a 4-year-old girl (patient 1).

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    Table 1

    Demographics of 8 Children With Goldenhar’s Syndrome and Spinal Defects

    Patient no.Age, yrSexInvestigationsSpinal defects
    14FFlexion–extension views of C1–C2
    CT of C1–C2
    AP and lateral views of C-spine
    Hypoplastic odontoid; T2–T5 hemivertebrae; C1–C2 instability; occipitalization of C1
    214FAP and lateral views of spine
    Flexion–extension views of C1–C2
    Thoracolumbar scoliosis
    34FAP and lateral views of spine
    Flexion–extension views of C1–C2
    MRI and CT
    Failure of segmentation of cervical and thoracic vertebrae; cervical ribs
    418MAP and lateral views of spine
    Flexion–extension views of C1–C2
    CT of spine at C1–C2
    Hypoplastic odontoid; C2–C5 fusion; T8 wedge vertebra; C1–C2 instability
    5*12MAP and lateral views of spine
    Flexion–extension views of C1–C2
    Cervical hemivertebrae; thoracolumbar scoliosis
    616MAP and lateral views of spine
    Flexion–extension views of C1–C2
    MRI and CT
    Thoracolumbar scoliosis
    715FSpine viewsHypoplastic odontoid; C3–4 bony bar; multiple spinal hemivertebrae
    85FAP and lateral views of spine
    Flexion–extension views of C1–C2
    MRI and CT
    Cervical ribs; failure of segmentation T4–T5; C1–C2 instability
    • ↵* Died

    • CT = computed tomography, AP = anteroposterior, MRI = magnetic resonance imaging.

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In this issue

Canadian Journal of Surgery: 45 (5)
CAN J SURG
Vol. 45, Issue 5
1 Oct 2002
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Cervical spine instability in children with Goldenhar’s syndrome
David Healey, Merv Letts, James G. Jarvis
CAN J SURG Oct 2002, 45 (5) 341-344;

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Cervical spine instability in children with Goldenhar’s syndrome
David Healey, Merv Letts, James G. Jarvis
CAN J SURG Oct 2002, 45 (5) 341-344;
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