Babalis et al. (43) | 2004 | FES score ≥ 5† | Petechiae (5 points); arterial partial oxygen pressure < 60 mm Hg (4 points); bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph (3 points); temperature > 38°C, heart rate > 120 beats/min, respiratory rate > 30 breaths/min (1 point) | < 60 = severe 60–70 = mild |
Schonfeld et al. (17) | 1983 | FES score ≥ 5† | Petechiae (5 points); bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph (4 points); arterial partial oxygen pressure < 70 mm Hg (3 points); confusion, temperature > 38°C, heart rate > 120 beats/min, respiratory rate > 30 breaths/min (1 point) | < 60 |
Kallenbach et al. (44) | 1987 | Petechiae + 1 sign | Confusion, hypoxia, bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph | < 67 (age 14–29 yr) < 64 (age 30–45 yr) |
Alho et al. (42) | 1978 | Hypoxia + 2 signs | Arterial partial oxygen pressure < 60 mm Hg, bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph, petechiae, neurologic dysfunction, temperature > 38°C, hemoglobin drop > 25 g/L, platelet count < 120 ×109/L | < 60 |
Lindeque et al. (45) | 1987 | Gurd criteria | | < 60 |
Stoltenberg and Gustilo (46) | 1979 | Hypoxia and symptoms of neurologic dysfunction | | < 65 |
Shier et al. (26) | 1977 | N/A | | N/A |